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在碳(tan)中和(he)與碳(tan)達(da)峰的大(da)背景下,新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源行業(ye)被更(geng)多的人關注,技術不(bu)斷迭代(dai)升級(ji),市場(chang)的需求和(he)商業(ye)模式(shi)卻(que)是不(bu)變(bian)的。談及新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源+的市場(chang)需求，總(zong)結兩方(fang)(fang)面(mian):一方(fang)(fang)面(mian),“新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源+”對整個(ge)西部沙戈荒地區的生態(tai)環(huan)境有改(gai)善作(zuo)用,比如光伏(fu)治沙;另(ling)一方(fang)(fang)面(mian),在我國新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源比例(li)提高后,“新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源+”能(neng)夠更(geng)好地解決以新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源為主體的新(xin)(xin)(xin)型電力系(xi)統(tong)所面(mian)臨的問題。

由(you)于天(tian)(tian)氣的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)確(que)定(ding)性,光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)和風(feng)(feng)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)存在不(bu)(bu)(bu)穩定(ding)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)連(lian)續(xu)等問(wen)題(ti)(ti)。隨著光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機比例的(de)(de)快速提高(gao),以(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)為主體(ti)的(de)(de)新(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統正面臨巨大的(de)(de)挑戰:第(di)一,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應保障難(nan)度不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)加大。第(di)二,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足,新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納(na)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)更為凸(tu)顯。第(di)三,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)轉(zhuan)動慣量(liang)持續(xu)下降,調(diao)頻(pin)、調(diao)壓(ya)能(neng)(neng)力不(bu)(bu)(bu)足,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)安(an)全(quan)穩定(ding)運行(xing)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)加大。而這(zhe)十(shi)多年研(yan)究推廣的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)術,正是解決以(yi)(yi)(yi)上問(wen)題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)“新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)+”的(de)(de)一種(zhong)關鍵技(ji)術。近兩年來,國家在西北(bei)地區推廣不(bu)(bu)(bu)少新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)大基地的(de)(de)項(xiang)(xiang)目,其中很(hen)大一部分項(xiang)(xiang)目由(you)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、風(feng)(feng)力發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三種(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式協同互補,交替運行(xing)。“白天(tian)(tian)太陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)照好(hao)的(de)(de)時候以(yi)(yi)(yi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為主,光(guang)(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)為主。太陽(yang)落山后(hou),光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)負荷下降,甚至沒有負荷。這(zhe)個時候光(guang)(guang)熱(re)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就利(li)用白天(tian)(tian)儲(chu)存的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。這(zhe)樣可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)保證一天(tian)(tian)24h不(bu)(bu)(bu)間斷(duan)的(de)(de)利(li)用新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)進行(xing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。”

光熱(re)發(fa)電技術(shu)以6到12小時(shi)的(de)儲(chu)能為(wei)主(zhu);壓縮(suo)空氣技術(shu)以4到6個(ge)小時(shi)的(de)儲(chu)能為(wei)主(zhu);氫能以長期儲(chu)能為(wei)主(zhu),如一周(zhou),甚至一個(ge)月。不同的(de)儲(chu)能模式(shi)有它不同的(de)應(ying)用場景,在未來,不同儲(chu)能模式(shi)會以協同互(hu)補的(de)方式(shi)存在。

“核心的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)點就是要增效降(jiang)本,降(jiang)低(di)成本是目前(qian)最關鍵的(de)(de)(de)任務(wu)。”得益于國家對(dui)光熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)支持(chi)政策,相信光熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)行業在未(wei)來將(jiang)實現規模(mo)化(hua)發(fa)展,借助行業的(de)(de)(de)規模(mo)化(hua)發(fa)展以(yi)及(ji)技術的(de)(de)(de)優化(hua)創(chuang)新,光熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)系統效率將(jiang)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步提升,供應鏈成本也會顯(xian)著下降(jiang),對(dui)光熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)成本下降(jiang)很有信心。另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面,根據目前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展趨(qu)勢,光熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)單機(ji)規模(mo)將(jiang)逐步擴大,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)也會有新的(de)(de)(de)突破。預測,三年之內,光熱(re)(re)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)度電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成本能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)下降(jiang)到理想(xiang)范圍內,成為唯一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)種有望替(ti)代火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成為基礎負荷的(de)(de)(de)新能(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式。