能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電力(li)行(xing)業的(de)發展(zhan)始終攸關國家安(an)全(quan)、經濟發展(zhan)和民生(sheng)保障。在習近平總書記“四個(ge)革命、一個(ge)合作”能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)安(an)全(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)戰略指引下,我(wo)國能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電力(li)行(xing)業發展(zhan)取得舉(ju)世矚目的(de)成(cheng)就,有力(li)支(zhi)撐(cheng)了(le)我(wo)國經濟社會發展(zhan)。2025年(nian)和“十五(wu)五(wu)”時期是加(jia)快構建新(xin)(xin)(xin)型能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體系、推(tui)動能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)高質量發展(zhan)的(de)重要階段(duan),能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電力(li)行(xing)業面(mian)臨新(xin)(xin)(xin)形勢新(xin)(xin)(xin)挑戰,也同樣蘊含新(xin)(xin)(xin)機(ji)遇新(xin)(xin)(xin)發展(zhan)。
一、深刻認識能源
電力行業發展新形勢
當前,全(quan)球百年變局加(jia)速(su)演進,能源(yuan)電力(li)行業的外部(bu)環境發生(sheng)深刻變化。統籌安全(quan)與(yu)轉型,是(shi)新(xin)時代能源(yuan)電力(li)行業高質量(liang)發展(zhan)的必然要求。
保障安全供(gong)給的(de)(de)難度(du)不斷增(zeng)加。2023年,我(wo)國能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)總(zong)量57.2億(yi)噸標準煤(預計2024年能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)總(zong)量達(da)59.7億(yi)噸標準煤),居(ju)世(shi)界第一(yi),但我(wo)國人均能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)量僅為(wei)經合(he)組(zu)織成員(yuan)國的(de)(de)65%,美國的(de)(de)40%。“十五(wu)五(wu)”期間,我(wo)國能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)剛性需求(qiu)增(zeng)長態勢仍(reng)將延(yan)續,受(shou)制于資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稟賦,能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)局部(bu)緊張(zhang)問題時有發生。電力系(xi)統(tong)穩定運行的(de)(de)壓力提升。我(wo)國新能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電裝機(ji)規模已經突(tu)(tu)破13億(yi)千(qian)瓦,占(zhan)我(wo)國總(zong)裝機(ji)比(bi)例超過(guo)(guo)40%,未(wei)來(lai)仍(reng)將高(gao)速增(zeng)長。各類靈活調(diao)節能(neng)力建設滯后,系(xi)統(tong)平衡問題更加突(tu)(tu)出(chu)。我(wo)國石油、天然氣進(jin)口(kou)量均居(ju)世(shi)界第一(yi),對外依(yi)存度(du)分別(bie)超過(guo)(guo)70%和(he)40%,全球沖突(tu)(tu)風險居(ju)高(gao)不下(xia),能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)口(kou)安全風險顯著增(zeng)高(gao)。
綠色低(di)(di)碳(tan)轉型的(de)壓(ya)力(li)前(qian)所未(wei)有(you)(you)。當前(qian)我(wo)國生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護結構性、根源(yuan)(yuan)性、趨勢性壓(ya)力(li)尚未(wei)根本(ben)緩解,生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建設仍處(chu)于(yu)壓(ya)力(li)疊加(jia)、負重前(qian)行的(de)關鍵期。而(er)我(wo)國承(cheng)諾實現從碳(tan)達峰到碳(tan)中和(he)的(de)時間只有(you)(you)30年,遠遠短于(yu)發(fa)達國家(jia),碳(tan)排放(fang)強度(du)下降幅度(du)之(zhi)大、難度(du)之(zhi)大,前(qian)所未(wei)有(you)(you)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)轉型是(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建設的(de)關鍵環(huan)(huan)節,能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)活動是(shi)我(wo)國最(zui)主要的(de)碳(tan)排放(fang)來源(yuan)(yuan),電力(li)行業承(cheng)擔(dan)了最(zui)繁重的(de)減排任(ren)務。建立(li)以(yi)非化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)供應主體的(de)新型能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi),既(ji)有(you)(you)助于(yu)實現“雙碳(tan)”目標,又能(neng)(neng)(neng)降低(di)(di)對化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)依賴(lai)。我(wo)們必須站(zhan)在人與自然和(he)諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)高(gao)度(du),全面謀劃能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)質量發(fa)展,破解資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)(huan)境約束。
科技(ji)自立自強的(de)需求時不我待。在當(dang)前全球新(xin)一輪(lun)(lun)科技(ji)革(ge)(ge)命和(he)產業(ye)變革(ge)(ge)方興(xing)未艾,能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綠色化(hua)趨勢(shi)加(jia)速演進(jin)背景下,能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)術是新(xin)一輪(lun)(lun)科技(ji)革(ge)(ge)命和(he)產業(ye)革(ge)(ge)命的(de)突破(po)口,先進(jin)的(de)低(di)碳(tan)、零碳(tan)、負碳(tan)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)術已經成為(wei)國(guo)際競爭(zheng)熱(re)點;同(tong)時,數(shu)字化(hua)技(ji)術深刻影響(xiang)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電力行業(ye)發(fa)展,“云大物移(yi)智鏈”等先進(jin)技(ji)術加(jia)速與能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)領域深度融合(he)發(fa)展。
但目前(qian)我(wo)國能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)領(ling)域的(de)一(yi)些(xie)核心材料、關(guan)鍵部件、底層軟件仍(reng)依賴進口,大型(xing)燃氣(qi)輪(lun)機(ji)等技術(shu)裝備仍(reng)存在短(duan)板,行業(ye)發(fa)展面臨“卡脖子”風險。率先(xian)實(shi)現科技突(tu)破,才能(neng)(neng)搶(qiang)占全球(qiu)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)變革先(xian)機(ji),掌握先(xian)發(fa)優勢,引領(ling)世界能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)低碳(tan)轉型(xing),塑(su)造國際競(jing)爭的(de)新優勢,提升(sheng)全球(qiu)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)治理(li)體系的(de)話語權。
二、準確把握能源
電力行業發展新機遇
實現碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)是一場廣泛而深(shen)刻的經(jing)濟社(she)會系統(tong)性變革,是著(zhu)力(li)解(jie)決資源(yuan)環(huan)境約束突出問(wen)題的必然選擇。“十五(wu)五(wu)”時期,我國將從能耗“雙控”向(xiang)碳(tan)排放(fang)“雙控”轉變,加(jia)速推進(jin)新(xin)型電力(li)系統(tong)建設,著(zhu)力(li)培育能源(yuan)電力(li)行業新(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)力(li)。
多能(neng)互補,構建多元化綠色(se)低碳電(dian)源(yuan)供應結(jie)構。構建新能(neng)源(yuan)占比逐步提升的新型(xing)電(dian)力系統(tong),新能(neng)源(yuan)逐步成為提供電(dian)力電(dian)量的主體(ti)電(dian)源(yuan)。2030年,我國(guo)新能(neng)源(yuan)裝機將突破26億(yi)千瓦,達到(dao)當前(qian)規模的2倍。
傳統煤電作為(wei)我國電力供(gong)應(ying)安全的重要(yao)支撐,逐步向基礎保障性和(he)系統調(diao)節性并重轉型。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)氫基燃料作為(wei)零碳原材料、高密度燃料、超長時儲能、高品位二(er)次能源(yuan),是(shi)用能終端(duan)實現(xian)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳轉型的重要(yao)載體,預計(ji)到(dao)2030年,國內綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)氫基燃料需求達(da)到(dao)1000萬(wan)噸(dun)/年。
跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)輸送,打造清潔能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)域供需(xu)協調新(xin)布(bu)局。大電(dian)網(wang)作為能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力(li)流動的載體,具備跨(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)資源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)(you)化配(pei)置優(you)(you)勢,“十五五”期間,我國(guo)將進(jin)一步擴大“西電(dian)東送”“北電(dian)南(nan)送”規模,再增加跨(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)輸電(dian)通(tong)道10回以上。另外(wai),全國(guo)一盤棋規劃氫(qing)(qing)、氨、甲醇(chun)等(deng)(deng)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)長輸管(guan)道中(zhong)長期布(bu)局面臨(lin)迫切需(xu)要,推動“北氫(qing)(qing)南(nan)運”“北醇(chun)南(nan)運”等(deng)(deng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)域能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)運輸體系,集中(zhong)布(bu)局中(zhong)轉加注港(gang)口、機場,將能(neng)減少(shao)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)流向交叉和迂回,提高管(guan)道利用率,構建綠(lv)色(se)氫(qing)(qing)基能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)儲運體系。
就(jiu)地利(li)用(yong),拓展清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)全方位開(kai)(kai)發利(li)用(yong)新(xin)(xin)場(chang)景。在充分開(kai)(kai)發利(li)用(yong)和跨(kua)區消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的同(tong)時(shi),更應積極(ji)拓展分布式新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)發場(chang)景,深度挖掘消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)端(duan)清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的就(jiu)地開(kai)(kai)發,實(shi)現能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)“從遠方來”與“從身邊來”協同(tong)發展。其中,海洋(yang)是(shi)清(qing)潔(jie)(jie)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的富集地,預計(ji)到2030年海上風(feng)電累計(ji)裝機將超過2億千(qian)瓦,這需要(yao)統籌開(kai)(kai)展國(guo)家級海洋(yang)能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)整體規劃,強(qiang)化海洋(yang)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)集約化利(li)用(yong)。
三、科學謀劃能源
電力行業發展新方向
新(xin)(xin)型能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系將體(ti)(ti)(ti)現(xian)出“三(san)新(xin)(xin)”顯著特點。一是能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結構(gou)新(xin)(xin),加速(su)從高(gao)碳轉向低(di)碳;二(er)是供給體(ti)(ti)(ti)系新(xin)(xin),構(gou)建由新(xin)(xin)型電力系統,綠色氫、氨等二(er)次能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan),低(di)碳化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)系統組成(cheng)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)供給體(ti)(ti)(ti)系;三(san)是產業方(fang)向新(xin)(xin),能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)與數(shu)字化(hua)加速(su)融(rong)合,提升能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)智慧(hui)化(hua)水平。“十五(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu)”期間,可以圍繞以下(xia)四個方(fang)面,加快規劃(hua)建設新(xin)(xin)型能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系。
集約高(gao)(gao)效,升級可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)模式。為(wei)優化(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源生(sheng)(sheng)產結構,必須改變現(xian)有的可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)模式,統籌協調可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源開(kai)發(fa)規模、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)接納能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)和(he)土地(di)資(zi)源約束,完善可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源改造升級和(he)退役管理,推動(dong)我國非化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)從裝機占比過(guo)半提(ti)高(gao)(gao)至發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量占比過(guo)半,真正成為(wei)主體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源,加快實(shi)現(xian)我國新增用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)全(quan)部由非化(hua)石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源提(ti)供。推動(dong)深遠(yuan)海(hai)(hai)、高(gao)(gao)空(kong)等(deng)區域風能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。研究并示范應用(yong)(yong)(yong)超大(da)(da)型風機、漂浮式基礎、系(xi)泊系(xi)統等(deng)關鍵(jian)技術,推動(dong)海(hai)(hai)上風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)向深遠(yuan)海(hai)(hai)布(bu)局發(fa)展(zhan)。推動(dong)光(guang)熱發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規模化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan),充分發(fa)揮光(guang)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站連續發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)靈活調峰能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li),規模化(hua)布(bu)局大(da)(da)型光(guang)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站,滿(man)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)頂峰負(fu)荷需求,有力(li)支撐(cheng)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源大(da)(da)基地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)外(wai)送。
多(duo)儲(chu)(chu)聯調,提(ti)(ti)(ti)升能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)彈性韌性。統(tong)籌多(duo)種類(lei)型(xing)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系(xi)統(tong)建設,多(duo)時間尺度、跨(kua)區域分布(bu)(bu)的(de)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)協同發力(li)(li),提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)調節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li),解決能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供給(gei)總(zong)量(liang)有余、頂峰不足(zu)的(de)時間不平衡(heng)問(wen)題。分場景加速布(bu)(bu)局(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)端(duan),大(da)(da)型(xing)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)基地(di)配置儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)平穩輸出,提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)對(dui)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)接納能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li);電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)端(duan),在負荷中(zhong)心附近(jin)建設抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、壓縮空氣儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)大(da)(da)型(xing)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站,為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行提(ti)(ti)(ti)供調峰、調頻、備用(yong)、黑(hei)啟動等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種服務(wu),緩解供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓力(li)(li),保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行安(an)全(quan);用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)端(duan),用(yong)戶側配儲(chu)(chu)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)極端(duan)情(qing)況用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安(an)全(quan),加強需求側響應能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li),降低用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)成本(ben)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)實(shi)物(wu)儲(chu)(chu)備能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。推進煤炭、原油、天然(ran)氣應急(ji)儲(chu)(chu)備能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建設,提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)儲(chu)(chu)備量(liang),進一步夯實(shi)化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)兜底保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)基礎作(zuo)用(yong)。
智慧互聯,系統優(you)(you)化生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)布(bu)(bu)局。規(gui)劃建(jian)設輸(shu)電(dian)通道等能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互聯基礎設施(shi),在更大范圍內優(you)(you)化資源(yuan)配置,破解(jie)我國能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)消費布(bu)(bu)局逆向分布(bu)(bu)問題。堅(jian)持全(quan)國“一盤棋”思維,統籌謀(mou)劃西(xi)(xi)電(dian)東(dong)送、北電(dian)南送,實現送受兩(liang)端(duan)最優(you)(you)組合(he)。統籌規(gui)劃陸地與(yu)海(hai)(hai)上電(dian)網(wang)結(jie)構,集約考慮海(hai)(hai)電(dian)登陸條件,集中規(gui)劃建(jian)設海(hai)(hai)上電(dian)網(wang)主網(wang)架和(he)(he)升壓站(zhan),創新(xin)管理方式(shi),集中送出(chu)海(hai)(hai)上風電(dian)、光伏、潮汐能(neng)(neng)(neng)等清(qing)潔電(dian)力(li)。加快實施(shi)“東(dong)數西(xi)(xi)算”戰(zhan)略,充分利用(yong)西(xi)(xi)部地區清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)優(you)(you)勢(shi),服務(wu)東(dong)部算力(li)需(xu)求。一方面(mian)(mian),促(cu)進能(neng)(neng)(neng)量流和(he)(he)數據流深度耦合(he),將“瓦特”高效(xiao)轉為(wei)“比(bi)特”,以“比(bi)特”靈活驅(qu)動“瓦特”;另(ling)一方面(mian)(mian),利用(yong)算力(li)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)時空可(ke)調特性,以區域(yu)電(dian)力(li)供需(xu)為(wei)引導,實現電(dian)力(li)網(wang)和(he)(he)算力(li)網(wang)協同調度,降低算力(li)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)成本(ben),提高可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納(na)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。
融合創新,助力(li)終端(duan)能(neng)(neng)源消費深度(du)脫(tuo)碳。優化用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)模式(shi),以能(neng)(neng)源的轉型(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)帶動重(zhong)點(dian)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)行業(ye)生(sheng)產方式(shi)轉變,分布式(shi)能(neng)(neng)源、儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)、電(dian)動汽車等交互(hu)式(shi)能(neng)(neng)源設施快(kuai)速發(fa)展(zhan),能(neng)(neng)源消費者逐步參與(yu)能(neng)(neng)源交易、傳輸甚至生(sheng)產等環(huan)節,形成產銷合一者。綠色(se)電(dian)力(li)與(yu)綠色(se)氫能(neng)(neng)靈(ling)活轉換,并在終端(duan)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)領(ling)域(yu)廣泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)。
在(zai)工業、建筑(zhu)、交通(tong)等重點行業,加(jia)速推廣短流程(cheng)電爐煉鋼(gang)、熱泵、電采(cai)暖、電動(dong)汽車、港(gang)口岸電等電氣(qi)化(hua)設備,代替化(hua)石能(neng)源使用,加(jia)快擴大電能(neng)使用范圍和(he)(he)規(gui)模。推進(jin)氫能(neng)多元(yuan)化(hua)示范應(ying)用。加(jia)大綠(lv)色(se)氫基燃(ran)料產業發展和(he)(he)科研創新(xin),形成綠(lv)色(se)氫基燃(ran)料供(gong)給體系。堅持以(yi)市場應(ying)用為牽引,合(he)理布局、有(you)序推進(jin)在(zai)交通(tong)等領(ling)域的示范應(ying)用。
結論
新型(xing)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)的構(gou)建(jian)是全局(ju)性、系(xi)統性的,需要從認識(shi)論(lun)、方法論(lun)、實踐(jian)論(lun)上整(zheng)體把握。在“雙碳”目標(biao)下,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)作(zuo)為全球最大的能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費國(guo)(guo),面臨著戰(zhan)略性能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)短缺、應(ying)對氣候(hou)變(bian)化約束不(bu)斷增強等(deng)諸多挑戰(zhan)。系(xi)統研究新型(xing)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)目標(biao)、趨(qu)勢(shi)、路徑和典型(xing)發展模式,切(qie)實打(da)好(hao)主動戰(zhan),將有利于(yu)解決能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全問題、助力(li)端牢能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)飯碗目標(biao)實現(xian),同(tong)時(shi)促(cu)進我國(guo)(guo)建(jian)立(li)新的能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供需消費關系(xi)和培育(yu)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)領域新質生(sheng)產力(li),進而(er)促(cu)進經濟(ji)發展,助力(li)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現(xian)代化建(jian)設。
作者系中國能建首席科學家,中國電力工程顧問集團有限公司黨委書記、董事長,電力規劃設計總院院長羅必雄
(首發于《紅旗文稿》,有修訂)