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2015年3月，中共中央、國(guo)(guo)務院出(chu)臺(tai)了(le)《關(guan)于(yu)進一(yi)步深化電(dian)力(li)體(ti)制改(gai)革(ge)的(de)(de)若干意(yi)(yi)見》（簡稱“9號文”），標志著新一(yi)輪電(dian)力(li)體(ti)制改(gai)革(ge)正(zheng)式(shi)啟動。2015年11月，電(dian)改(gai)6個核心配套文件正(zheng)式(shi)落地，其中《關(guan)于(yu)推進電(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)建(jian)設的(de)(de)實施意(yi)(yi)見》構建(jian)了(le)電(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)總體(ti)框架。隨(sui)后(hou)，國(guo)(guo)家能源局組(zu)織制定(ding)了(le)《電(dian)力(li)中長期交(jiao)易(yi)基本規則(ze)（暫行(xing)）》（下稱《基本規則(ze)》），進一(yi)步細化了(le)電(dian)力(li)中長期市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)運營規則(ze)。截至2019年3月，河北等(deng)18個省份陸(lu)續制定(ding)或修訂(ding)了(le)各自(zi)的(de)(de)交(jiao)易(yi)規則(ze)。

總體來看，這些交易規(gui)則(ze)大(da)多是在(zai)國家層(ceng)面規(gui)定框架下的細(xi)化(hua)。在(zai)基(ji)本原則(ze)不變的基(ji)礎上，每(mei)個(ge)省份都(dou)根據(ju)自身實際情況和發展需要對規(gui)則(ze)要點進行了(le)規(gui)定，出臺的規(gui)則(ze)呈現出普遍性(xing)和一定差異(yi)性(xing)。

各省交易規則要點比較分析

市場成員

各(ge)省均規(gui)定市場成(cheng)員包(bao)括發電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)、售(shou)電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)、電(dian)(dian)網企(qi)業(ye)、電(dian)(dian)力用戶、電(dian)(dian)力交易機(ji)構、電(dian)(dian)力調度機(ji)構等，與《基(ji)本(ben)規(gui)則》一致。主(zhu)要(yao)區別在于安徽、福(fu)建、貴(gui)州3個(ge)省份不包(bao)含獨立輔助(zhu)服務(wu)提供(gong)者，蒙東、遼寧、吉(ji)林(lin)、黑龍江4個(ge)省份的電(dian)(dian)力輔助(zhu)服務(wu)市場運營規(gui)則另行規(gui)定。

關于(yu)電力市場準(zhun)入條件，大部分省(sheng)份(fen)與《基本規則》一致，部分省(sheng)份(fen)進行了限定(ding)性(xing)或細(xi)化(hua)規定(ding)。

對發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業的(de)準(zhun)(zhun)入，主要體現在準(zhun)(zhun)入的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源類型和機組容量。京(jing)津(jin)唐電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)準(zhun)(zhun)入省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)及以上統調(diao)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業，鼓勵可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業超出全額保障性收購利用小(xiao)時數(shu)部分的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量參與(yu)市場交易。

浙江初(chu)期市(shi)場(chang)發電(dian)(dian)主體包括省(sheng)內(nei)各類(lei)統調(diao)(diao)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)、水電(dian)(dian)、氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)、核(he)電(dian)(dian)機組(zu)，以及計(ji)劃內(nei)外來(lai)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)、水電(dian)(dian)、核(he)電(dian)(dian)機組(zu)。安徽準入(ru)單機容量30萬(wan)千瓦及以上的省(sheng)調(diao)(diao)發電(dian)(dian)企業和(he)自備電(dian)(dian)廠。湖北先(xian)期納入(ru)火電(dian)(dian)和(he)調(diao)(diao)峰性能好的水電(dian)(dian)企業；條(tiao)(tiao)件成熟時，支持風電(dian)(dian)、光伏、生(sheng)物質等新能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)企業自主選擇進入(ru)市(shi)場(chang)，逐步擴大至其他類(lei)型發電(dian)(dian)企業；允許自備電(dian)(dian)廠在承擔發電(dian)(dian)企業社會責任的條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)參與電(dian)(dian)力市(shi)場(chang)交易。

重慶(qing)準(zhun)入單機容(rong)量30萬千(qian)瓦及(ji)以上的(de)(de)火力(li)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)（資(zi)源綜合(he)利用機組(zu)容(rong)量可放寬(kuan)至(zhi)10萬千(qian)瓦），以及(ji)符合(he)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)和重慶(qing)市準(zhun)入條件的(de)(de)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)、新能(neng)源發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業(ye)。四川準(zhun)入省調統調統分(fen)的(de)(de)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、燃煤火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（兩部制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)或冷(leng)備用補償措施(shi)出臺前）、風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光(guang)伏、燃氣、垃(la)圾、生物質發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠（超過優先發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部分(fen)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量），除風(feng)、光(guang)以外的(de)(de)分(fen)布式能(neng)源（余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量），國(guo)(guo)調和網調電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠（留川電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量）。

陜西鼓勵規劃內的(de)風電(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽(yang)能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)等可再生能源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)企業在(zai)保障利用小(xiao)時數之(zhi)外的(de)電(dian)(dian)量參(can)與直(zhi)接交(jiao)易。青海規定火電(dian)(dian)單(dan)機(ji)容(rong)量13.5萬千瓦(wa)及以上機(ji)組(zu)、水電(dian)(dian)單(dan)機(ji)容(rong)量3萬千瓦(wa)及以上機(ji)組(zu)及集中并網式太(tai)陽(yang)能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)、風力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)等參(can)與直(zhi)接交(jiao)易。

初(chu)期，自備電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、小水電(dian)(dian)(dian)站原(yuan)則上暫不參與(yu)直(zhi)接交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)。寧夏規定常規燃煤(mei)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組單(dan)機容量在200兆瓦及(ji)以(yi)(yi)上；鼓勵風電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)能發電(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)清潔能源參與(yu)直(zhi)接交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)，水電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業暫不參與(yu)直(zhi)接交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)。廣(guang)東(dong)現階(jie)段主要包括省內(nei)省級及(ji)以(yi)(yi)上調度并經政府準入(ru)的(de)(de)燃煤(mei)機組、燃氣機組以(yi)(yi)及(ji)以(yi)(yi)“點對網”專線輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式向廣(guang)東(dong)省送電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)省外燃煤(mei)機組。

對電(dian)力用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)準入(ru)(ru)，主要體(ti)現(xian)在準入(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級和年用(yong)電(dian)量。吉林、甘肅(su)提出電(dian)能(neng)清(qing)潔(jie)供(gong)暖(nuan)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級可以(yi)(yi)(yi)適當放寬至10千伏(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下。江(jiang)蘇規定(ding)微電(dian)網用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)應滿足(zu)微電(dian)網接入(ru)(ru)系統的(de)(de)條件；上(shang)(shang)年度年用(yong)電(dian)量在4000萬千瓦(wa)時且(qie)用(yong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級在35千伏(fu)(fu)及(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)自主選擇參與批發市場(chang)交易。浙江(jiang)準入(ru)(ru)需優先保障110千伏(fu)(fu)及(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)，待市場(chang)運行(xing)平穩后(hou)，適時放開(kai)35千伏(fu)(fu)及(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)參與市場(chang)。

安徽規定電(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級10千(qian)伏及(ji)以(yi)上、年(nian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量1000萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)時及(ji)以(yi)上的用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)，執行大(da)工業(ye)(ye)和一(yi)般工商業(ye)(ye)電(dian)價，在電(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)獨(du)立開(kai)戶(hu)、單獨(du)計量的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)可(ke)直(zhi)接或委(wei)托售(shou)電(dian)公司(si)代理參(can)與直(zhi)接交(jiao)易(yi)；年(nian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量在100萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)時和1000萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)時之間(jian)的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，由售(shou)電(dian)公司(si)代理參(can)與直(zhi)接交(jiao)易(yi)。江西優先放開(kai)省級及(ji)以(yi)上工業(ye)(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)內、售(shou)電(dian)側改革(ge)試點園(yuan)區(qu)10千(qian)伏及(ji)以(yi)上電(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級的電(dian)力用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)參(can)與直(zhi)接交(jiao)易(yi)。山東不限定電(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級，鼓勵優先購電(dian)的電(dian)力用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)自(zi)愿進入市場(chang)。

湖(hu)南(nan)、青海準入35千(qian)伏及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)電(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)的電(dian)力(li)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)。四川現階(jie)段準入國網直(zhi)供直(zhi)管(guan)區及(ji)其躉(dun)售區110千(qian)伏及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)電(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)工商業用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)，部分(fen)35千(qian)伏、10千(qian)伏電(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)工商業用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)；鼓勵擁有自(zi)備(bei)電(dian)廠的電(dian)力(li)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)參與自(zi)備(bei)電(dian)廠停發替代交易。

陜(shan)西規(gui)定大用(yong)(yong)戶即年(nian)(nian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量500萬千瓦時及以上(shang)，可直接參與(yu)(yu)電(dian)力直接交易，或由(you)售電(dian)公(gong)司(si)代(dai)理參與(yu)(yu)；中小用(yong)(yong)戶即年(nian)(nian)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)量在300～500萬千瓦時的電(dian)力用(yong)(yong)戶，由(you)售電(dian)公(gong)司(si)代(dai)理參與(yu)(yu)；園區用(yong)(yong)戶可以園區為單(dan)位成立售電(dian)公(gong)司(si)，整體參與(yu)(yu)市場化交易或委托其他售電(dian)公(gong)司(si)代(dai)理參與(yu)(yu)。

對售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的準入，主要(yao)(yao)體現在履(lv)約保(bao)函(han)、代理電(dian)(dian)(dian)力用戶總(zong)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)、公(gong)(gong)司人(ren)員(yuan)及(ji)專業(ye)等補(bu)充要(yao)(yao)求。河北南部、黑龍江(jiang)、湖北、湖南制定售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)(gong)司準入與退出管(guan)理（實施）細則(ze)。吉林、江(jiang)西提(ti)(ti)出售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)(gong)司履(lv)約保(bao)函(han)機(ji)制。新疆、云南規定售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)準入應滿(man)足(zu)售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)側改革相關政策文件要(yao)(yao)求。江(jiang)蘇提(ti)(ti)出售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)(gong)司履(lv)約保(bao)函(han)機(ji)制，同(tong)時要(yao)(yao)求售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)準入滿(man)足(zu)江(jiang)蘇省售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)側改革方案相關要(yao)(yao)求。安徽規定售(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)代理電(dian)(dian)(dian)力用戶的總(zong)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)在1000萬(wan)千瓦(wa)時以上。

陜西對售電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)的(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)及專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)提出(chu)了具(ju)體要求，即售電(dian)(dian)(dian)公司一般應擁有(you)10名(ming)(ming)及以上專(zhuan)(zhuan)職(zhi)(zhi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，其中至少有(you)1名(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力工程(cheng)(cheng)類高級(ji)(ji)職(zhi)(zhi)稱和3名(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力工程(cheng)(cheng)類中級(ji)(ji)職(zhi)(zhi)稱專(zhuan)(zhuan)職(zhi)(zhi)管理人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)；具(ju)有(you)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網運營權的(de)售電(dian)(dian)(dian)公司，擁有(you)與從事配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)業(ye)務相適應的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)、營銷人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)、財務人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)，不少于20人(ren)，其中至少擁有(you)2名(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力工程(cheng)(cheng)類高級(ji)(ji)職(zhi)(zhi)稱和5名(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力工程(cheng)(cheng)類中級(ji)(ji)職(zhi)(zhi)稱的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)管理人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)。

交易品種、周期、方式

交易品種。多數省(sheng)份均規(gui)定交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)品種包括(kuo)電力直接(jie)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)、跨(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)區(qu)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)、合同(tong)電量轉讓交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)，以及輔助(zhu)服務補償(chang)（交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)）機制等(deng)，與《基本規(gui)則(ze)》一致。主要區(qu)別：

一是蒙東(dong)、遼寧、吉(ji)林(lin)、黑龍江(jiang)電(dian)力輔助(zhu)服(fu)務交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易執(zhi)行(xing)《東(dong)北電(dian)力輔助(zhu)服(fu)務市(shi)場運(yun)營規則》，跨(kua)(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)(kua)區(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易執(zhi)行(xing)《東(dong)北區(qu)域省(sheng)間電(dian)能交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易辦(ban)法》；四川、貴州交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易品(pin)種(zhong)不含輔助(zhu)服(fu)務補償（交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易）機制，福建對交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易品(pin)種(zhong)未進(jin)行(xing)明確規定，海南交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易品(pin)種(zhong)不包括跨(kua)(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)(kua)區(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易。

二是部(bu)分省(sheng)份基于發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)資源(yuan)特點對(dui)交(jiao)(jiao)易品(pin)種進(jin)行了(le)(le)補(bu)充，其中(zhong)河北南(nan)部(bu)、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)、江(jiang)(jiang)西、湖(hu)南(nan)均增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)抽水(shui)(shui)蓄能電(dian)(dian)量招標(biao)采購(gou)交(jiao)(jiao)易，四川增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)豐水(shui)(shui)期(qi)富余電(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)量交(jiao)(jiao)易，甘肅增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)新(xin)能源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)企業(ye)與自備電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)調峰替代交(jiao)(jiao)易，新(xin)疆增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)新(xin)能源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)企業(ye)與自備電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)調峰替代交(jiao)(jiao)易和關停機(ji)組發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)權交(jiao)(jiao)易。分省(sheng)交(jiao)(jiao)易品(pin)種的梳理情況如表1所示。

交易周期。各省(sheng)均規(gui)(gui)定電力中長期交易主(zhu)要按照年(nian)度和(he)月度開展(zhan)，與《基(ji)本(ben)規(gui)(gui)則》一致。部分(fen)省(sheng)份根據交易品種(zhong)對交易周期進行了限(xian)定和(he)補充。

江(jiang)蘇規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)合同(tong)(tong)電(dian)量(liang)轉(zhuan)讓交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)按(an)(an)月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)、月(yue)內(nei)開(kai)展(zhan)。安(an)徽規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)廠(chang)網購售電(dian)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)按(an)(an)照(zhao)年(nian)度(du)(du)(du)開(kai)展(zhan)，電(dian)力直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)按(an)(an)照(zhao)年(nian)度(du)(du)(du)和月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)開(kai)展(zhan)，合同(tong)(tong)電(dian)量(liang)轉(zhuan)讓交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)按(an)(an)照(zhao)月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)開(kai)展(zhan)。福建規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)不包(bao)括(kuo)12月(yue)，季(ji)(ji)度(du)(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)不包(bao)括(kuo)第四季(ji)(ji)度(du)(du)(du)。重慶(qing)、寧夏、貴(gui)州也提(ti)(ti)出了(le)季(ji)(ji)度(du)(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)周(zhou)期(qi)。廣(guang)東提(ti)(ti)出了(le)周(zhou)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)周(zhou)期(qi)。青海(hai)同(tong)(tong)時(shi)提(ti)(ti)出季(ji)(ji)度(du)(du)(du)和周(zhou)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)周(zhou)期(qi)。山東鼓勵簽訂一年(nian)以(yi)上長(chang)期(qi)雙(shuang)邊合同(tong)(tong)。四川規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)優先發(fa)電(dian)合同(tong)(tong)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)按(an)(an)年(nian)度(du)(du)(du)開(kai)展(zhan)，電(dian)力直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)按(an)(an)年(nian)度(du)(du)(du)和月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)開(kai)展(zhan)，跨省跨區交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)按(an)(an)年(nian)度(du)(du)(du)、月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)和周(zhou)開(kai)展(zhan)，合同(tong)(tong)電(dian)量(liang)轉(zhuan)讓交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)按(an)(an)月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)和周(zhou)開(kai)展(zhan)，豐(feng)水期(qi)富余電(dian)量(liang)增量(liang)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)按(an)(an)月(yue)度(du)(du)(du)開(kai)展(zhan)。此外，蒙東、遼(liao)寧、吉林、黑龍江(jiang)4個省份規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)年(nian)度(du)(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)應達到全年(nian)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)總(zong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)的(de)80%以(yi)上。

交易方式。各(ge)省均規(gui)定電力中長期(qi)交易可以(yi)采取雙邊協商、集中競價(jia)、掛牌(pai)等(deng)方式(shi)進行，與《基(ji)本規(gui)則》一(yi)致。

京津唐(tang)電(dian)(dian)網明確交(jiao)(jiao)易方(fang)式為雙邊協(xie)商。蒙東、遼(liao)寧、吉林、黑龍江對(dui)集中(zhong)競價(jia)(jia)交(jiao)(jiao)易輪(lun)次(ci)和(he)報價(jia)(jia)段數(shu)、交(jiao)(jiao)易雙方(fang)每(mei)段申報電(dian)(dian)量和(he)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)，以及掛牌輪(lun)次(ci)進行了(le)規定(ding)：4省份均規定(ding)集中(zhong)競價(jia)(jia)交(jiao)(jiao)易分輪(lun)次(ci)開展，但(dan)不超過(guo)3輪(lun)；每(mei)輪(lun)次(ci)雙方(fang)可(ke)多段報價(jia)(jia)，但(dan)不得超過(guo)3段。

蒙(meng)東和(he)遼(liao)寧均規定交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)申報(bao)(bao)每(mei)段電(dian)(dian)量不(bu)得(de)小(xiao)于1000兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)時。吉林(lin)提(ti)(ti)出市場(chang)主體(ti)每(mei)個申報(bao)(bao)不(bu)得(de)低于10兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)(wa)時。黑(hei)龍江提(ti)(ti)出年(nian)度(du)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)申報(bao)(bao)每(mei)段電(dian)(dian)量不(bu)得(de)小(xiao)于100萬千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，月度(du)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)申報(bao)(bao)每(mei)段電(dian)(dian)量不(bu)得(de)小(xiao)于10萬千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時。4省份均規定掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)為電(dian)(dian)力用戶（售(shou)電(dian)(dian)公司(si)）掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)發電(dian)(dian)企業掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩種方(fang)(fang)式。蒙(meng)東和(he)吉林(lin)提(ti)(ti)出年(nian)度(du)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)每(mei)次掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)3輪(lun)，季度(du)及(ji)以(yi)下掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)每(mei)次掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)2輪(lun)。遼(liao)寧提(ti)(ti)出年(nian)度(du)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)每(mei)次掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)3輪(lun)，季度(du)及(ji)以(yi)下掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)每(mei)次掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)1輪(lun)。黑(hei)龍江規定掛(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)每(mei)次不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)3輪(lun)。

此外(wai)，蒙東、吉林(lin)和黑龍江(jiang)提出(chu)鼓(gu)勵(li)發電(dian)企業采(cai)取風火(huo)打(da)捆(kun)的(de)(de)方(fang)式與電(dian)力用戶(hu)進行直接交(jiao)易(yi)。新(xin)(xin)疆則提出(chu)符合(he)準入條件的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)機(ji)組(含風電(dian)、光伏、水電(dian)等)可參加集中競價(jia)(撮(cuo)合(he))交(jiao)易(yi)，并應分別進行出(chu)清，實現新(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、水電(dian)和火(huo)電(dian)打(da)捆(kun)交(jiao)易(yi)。江(jiang)蘇提出(chu)掛(gua)牌(pai)電(dian)量(liang)小于(yu)等于(yu)1億千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，供需雙方(fang)只能(neng)(neng)掛(gua)牌(pai)一個價(jia)格及對應電(dian)量(liang)；大于(yu)1億千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)的(de)(de)可多(duo)筆掛(gua)牌(pai)，除末筆掛(gua)牌(pai)外(wai)，每(mei)筆掛(gua)牌(pai)不得低(di)于(yu)1億千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)。福建規定發電(dian)企業、電(dian)力用戶(hu)、售電(dian)公(gong)司申報最少電(dian)量(liang)為(wei)10萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)。

山東按照交易(yi)(yi)品種對交易(yi)(yi)方(fang)式進行(xing)了規定，電力(li)直接交易(yi)(yi)以雙邊(bian)(bian)協(xie)商交易(yi)(yi)方(fang)式為(wei)主、集(ji)中競價交易(yi)(yi)方(fang)式為(wei)輔(fu)，合同(tong)電量轉讓交易(yi)(yi)以月(yue)度(du)雙邊(bian)(bian)協(xie)商交易(yi)(yi)方(fang)式為(wei)主、月(yue)度(du)掛(gua)牌交易(yi)(yi)方(fang)式為(wei)輔(fu)，輔(fu)助服務交易(yi)(yi)采取(qu)月(yue)度(du)集(ji)中競價交易(yi)(yi)方(fang)式，月(yue)度(du)集(ji)中競價申(shen)報(bao)電量的最小單位為(wei)10兆(zhao)瓦時。

重慶提(ti)(ti)出集(ji)中競價(jia)(jia)交(jiao)易時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力用(yong)戶、售電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)報價(jia)(jia)形(xing)式(shi)為(wei)單調(diao)下降(jiang)的(de)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)—電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)”曲線(xian)，可包(bao)括一(yi)至三段(duan)(duan)水平線(xian)段(duan)(duan)，每(mei)段(duan)(duan)對應(ying)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)，發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業(ye)報價(jia)(jia)形(xing)式(shi)為(wei)單調(diao)上升的(de)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)—電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)”曲線(xian)，可包(bao)括一(yi)至三段(duan)(duan)水平線(xian)段(duan)(duan)，每(mei)段(duan)(duan)對應(ying)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)(jia)。廣東提(ti)(ti)出雙邊(bian)協商交(jiao)易協商確定(ding)分解(jie)曲線(xian)，采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)(zi)定(ding)義分解(jie)曲線(xian)；集(ji)中競價(jia)(jia)交(jiao)易采(cai)用(yong)常用(yong)分解(jie)曲線(xian)，交(jiao)易分集(ji)合競價(jia)(jia)、連(lian)續競價(jia)(jia)兩個(ge)(ge)階段(duan)(duan)進(jin)行；掛牌交(jiao)易采(cai)用(yong)自(zi)(zi)定(ding)義分解(jie)曲線(xian)。

價格機制

各省均(jun)規定(ding)(ding)雙邊(bian)交(jiao)易(yi)價格(ge)按(an)照雙方(fang)合同(tong)約定(ding)(ding)執行(xing)，掛牌(pai)交(jiao)易(yi)價格(ge)以(yi)掛牌(pai)價格(ge)結算。對集(ji)中競(jing)價交(jiao)易(yi)價格(ge)，部分省份進行(xing)了限定(ding)(ding)和補充。安(an)徽、福建(jian)、山(shan)東、湖(hu)北(bei)、湖(hu)南(nan)、青海規定(ding)(ding)集(ji)中競(jing)價交(jiao)易(yi)按(an)照統(tong)一(yi)出(chu)清價格(ge)確(que)定(ding)(ding)，貴州、云南(nan)規定(ding)(ding)集(ji)中競(jing)價交(jiao)易(yi)根據各交(jiao)易(yi)匹(pi)配對的(de)申報價格(ge)形成交(jiao)價格(ge)，即(ji)賣方(fang)報價和買方(fang)報價的(de)平均(jun)值(zhi)。

山(shan)西(xi)提出(chu)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)撮(cuo)合(he)時，電力交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易系統(tong)匹(pi)配過程中(zhong)(zhong)考慮環(huan)保、能(neng)(neng)耗等(deng)因素(su)，發電企業按環(huan)保調整(zheng)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)由低到高排序。吉林提出(chu)電能(neng)(neng)清(qing)潔(jie)供暖用戶可采取電網購(gou)銷(xiao)差價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)不變(bian)的(de)方式。廣東規定集(ji)合(he)競(jing)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)階段以(yi)最后(hou)一個成交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)對(dui)的(de)買(mai)方申報價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)、賣(mai)方申報價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)的(de)算數(shu)平(ping)均值作為統(tong)一成交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)；連(lian)續競(jing)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)階段可成交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易對(dui)的(de)成交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)根據買(mai)賣(mai)雙方的(de)申報價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)，以(yi)及前一筆交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易成交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)格(ge)確定。

交易組織

開展年度(du)交易(yi)遵循的順序。多(duo)數省份(fen)與《基本規(gui)則》一致，部分省份(fen)基于資源特(te)點和電力市(shi)場的建設階段進行了添(tian)加和調整。蒙東、遼寧(ning)、吉林、黑(hei)龍江(jiang)4省份(fen)將燃煤發(fa)(fa)(fa)電企業基數電量優先于年度(du)市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)交易(yi)。江(jiang)蘇先確(que)定(ding)(ding)省內優先發(fa)(fa)(fa)電（燃煤、天然氣除(chu)外），再確(que)定(ding)(ding)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)省跨(kua)(kua)(kua)區(qu)優先發(fa)(fa)(fa)電，同時在市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)交易(yi)前(qian)添(tian)加了抽水蓄(xu)(xu)能交易(yi)。安徽也在市(shi)場化(hua)(hua)交易(yi)前(qian)添(tian)加了抽水蓄(xu)(xu)能交易(yi)。江(jiang)西先確(que)定(ding)(ding)省內優先發(fa)(fa)(fa)電（燃煤除(chu)外），再確(que)定(ding)(ding)跨(kua)(kua)(kua)省跨(kua)(kua)(kua)區(qu)優先發(fa)(fa)(fa)電。

湖南提出年(nian)度交(jiao)易(yi)時，可將(jiang)豐水期各月份單列，組織可再生能(neng)源企(qi)業(ye)優(you)先交(jiao)易(yi)。福建(jian)、山東對(dui)年(nian)度交(jiao)易(yi)順(shun)序(xu)未進(jin)行明確(que)規定。廣西、海(hai)南不安排(pai)跨(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)區優(you)先發電。云南將(jiang)省(sheng)內優(you)先購電量優(you)先于跨(kua)省(sheng)跨(kua)區電量。

重(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)和寧夏提出(chu)(chu)季度(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)順序。重(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)提出(chu)(chu)在(zai)年(nian)度(du)(du)合同分解到季度(du)(du)的基礎上，首(shou)先(xian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)展季度(du)(du)雙邊交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)，其次開(kai)(kai)(kai)展季度(du)(du)集中競價交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)。寧夏規(gui)定(ding)首(shou)先(xian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)展季度(du)(du)雙邊協(xie)商(shang)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)，如(ru)有必要，組織開(kai)(kai)(kai)展季度(du)(du)集中撮合交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)或掛牌交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)。

開(kai)展(zhan)月(yue)度(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易遵循的順序。根據《基本(ben)規(gui)則》，在(zai)年度(du)(du)合同分解到月(yue)的基礎(chu)上，首先開(kai)展(zhan)月(yue)度(du)(du)雙邊(bian)(bian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易，其次(ci)開(kai)展(zhan)月(yue)度(du)(du)集(ji)中競價(jia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易。蒙東(dong)、遼寧(ning)、吉林、黑(hei)龍江月(yue)度(du)(du)不開(kai)展(zhan)雙邊(bian)(bian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易，直(zhi)接(jie)開(kai)展(zhan)集(ji)中競價(jia)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易。江蘇、福建在(zai)月(yue)度(du)(du)雙邊(bian)(bian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易之前，首先開(kai)展(zhan)合同電量(liang)轉(zhuan)讓(rang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易。安徽提出按照月(yue)度(du)(du)合同電量(liang)轉(zhuan)讓(rang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易、月(yue)度(du)(du)集(ji)中直(zhi)接(jie)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易、月(yue)中雙邊(bian)(bian)直(zhi)接(jie)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易的順序開(kai)展(zhan)。湖南提出豐水(shui)期(qi)月(yue)份(fen)的月(yue)度(du)(du)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易，可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)月(yue)度(du)(du)中上旬組織可(ke)再生能源企業(ye)提前進(jin)行(xing)次(ci)月(yue)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易。

四川根據(ju)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)品種對交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)式(shi)進行了規(gui)定，以(yi)(yi)雙邊(bian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)式(shi)開(kai)展(zhan)年度(du)成交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合同電(dian)量(liang)的轉讓交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、以(yi)(yi)集中(zhong)競價方(fang)式(shi)開(kai)展(zhan)月度(du)增(zeng)量(liang)直接交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、以(yi)(yi)掛牌(pai)(pai)方(fang)式(shi)開(kai)展(zhan)豐水期月度(du)富余電(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)量(liang)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。寧(ning)夏則提(ti)出月度(du)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)式(shi)以(yi)(yi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)率較高為(wei)原則，采取(qu)雙邊(bian)協商(shang)、集中(zhong)競價、掛牌(pai)(pai)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之一種組織交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。

四川提出周交易順序(xu)。目(mu)前在發電企(qi)業間(jian)以集中撮(cuo)合(he)的方式開(kai)展合(he)同電量周轉(zhuan)讓(rang)交易。

部(bu)分省份對容(rong)量(liang)(liang)扣減進行規定。安排優(you)先(xian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)計(ji)劃電(dian)量(liang)(liang)時，根據機組年(nian)度直(zhi)接交易電(dian)量(liang)(liang)扣除相應發(fa)(fa)電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)或者優(you)先(xian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)計(ji)劃。原則(ze)上每年(nian)只進行一次(ci)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)扣減，在分配優(you)先(xian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)計(ji)劃時直(zhi)接扣除。

其中，河北南部(bu)提(ti)出(chu)直(zhi)接交(jiao)易電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)折算(suan)發電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)根據(ju)市場化電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占比(bi)等(deng)因(yin)素進(jin)行(xing)(xing)折算(suan)，年(nian)度(du)優(you)先(xian)發電(dian)(dian)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)下達(da)前(qian)開(kai)展交(jiao)易的，扣(kou)(kou)除(chu)發電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業發電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；年(nian)度(du)優(you)先(xian)發電(dian)(dian)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)下達(da)后開(kai)展交(jiao)易的，扣(kou)(kou)除(chu)發電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業優(you)先(xian)發電(dian)(dian)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。山西提(ti)出(chu)安排計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，可根據(ju)機組(zu)年(nian)度(du)直(zhi)接交(jiao)易電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，扣(kou)(kou)除(chu)相(xiang)應發電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；直(zhi)接交(jiao)易電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)折算(suan)發電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，可根據(ju)全省裝機冗余、市場化電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)占比(bi)，以及機組(zu)環(huan)保節能(neng)因(yin)素等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)折算(suan)。福建提(ti)出(chu)每(mei)批次交(jiao)易完(wan)成(cheng)后，按交(jiao)易方案需要(yao)扣(kou)(kou)減發電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)(hua)發電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的，按發電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業成(cheng)交(jiao)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)相(xiang)應扣(kou)(kou)減發電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。

重慶提(ti)(ti)出燃煤(mei)發電企業基數(shu)電量安排(pai)應剔(ti)除(chu)(chu)市(shi)場(chang)發電容(rong)量。新(xin)疆提(ti)(ti)出年度直接交(jiao)易(yi)原則上允許(xu)按照扣除(chu)(chu)相(xiang)應發電容(rong)量方式執行(xing)，發電容(rong)量在(zai)年度交(jiao)易(yi)時(shi)扣除(chu)(chu)，月度交(jiao)易(yi)時(shi)不(bu)再(zai)扣除(chu)(chu)。廣(guang)西則提(ti)(ti)出考慮當前的(de)供需關系及(ji)鼓勵市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)，現階段參與市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)的(de)發電企業可不(bu)剔(ti)除(chu)(chu)容(rong)量。

合同電量偏差處理

根據(ju)《基本規則》，中(zhong)長期合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)執行偏差(cha)(cha)主要(yao)通過(guo)在(zai)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)側(ce)采(cai)(cai)用預(yu)(yu)掛牌(pai)月平(ping)衡(heng)偏差(cha)(cha)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)進行處理(li)。各省(sheng)根據(ju)現(xian)階段市場(chang)化電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)份額的不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)偏差(cha)(cha)處理(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)不(bu)盡相同(tong)(tong)(tong)，如表(biao)3所(suo)示。蒙東、遼寧(ning)、吉(ji)林(lin)、黑龍(long)江提出當發(fa)用電(dian)(dian)計劃放開(kai)到一定比例時(shi)，適(shi)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)用預(yu)(yu)掛牌(pai)月平(ping)衡(heng)偏差(cha)(cha)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。現(xian)階段遼寧(ning)、吉(ji)林(lin)主要(yao)通過(guo)滾(gun)(gun)動調整方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)處理(li)。京津唐、云南(nan)(nan)(nan)采(cai)(cai)用合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)讓交(jiao)易方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。福建、甘肅、廣西采(cai)(cai)用合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)讓交(jiao)易，并簽訂電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)互(hu)保協議。河北南(nan)(nan)(nan)部、安徽、江西、重(zhong)慶(qing)、陜西、青海(hai)、貴州目前采(cai)(cai)用滾(gun)(gun)動調整方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)，條件成熟或市場(chang)放開(kai)到一定程度后，適(shi)時(shi)通過(guo)預(yu)(yu)掛牌(pai)月平(ping)衡(heng)偏差(cha)(cha)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)調整電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)偏差(cha)(cha)。海(hai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)采(cai)(cai)用滾(gun)(gun)動調整方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。

輔助服務

根(gen)據《基本規則》，按(an)照“補償(chang)成(cheng)本、合理收益”的(de)基本原則，按(an)照輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)效果確定輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)計量公式，對(dui)提(ti)供有償(chang)輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)并網發電(dian)(dian)廠、電(dian)(dian)力用(yong)戶(hu)、獨(du)立輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)提(ti)供者進行補償(chang)。各省(sheng)在(zai)基本原則上與(yu)《基本規則》一(yi)致。東北是我國第一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)力輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)市場改(gai)革(ge)試點，2016年連續出臺(tai)《東北電(dian)(dian)力輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)市場專項改(gai)革(ge)試點方案》、《東北電(dian)(dian)力輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)市場運營(ying)規則》，市場于2017年1月1日零點如期啟動。東北電(dian)(dian)力輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)市場主要依托調(diao)峰(feng)市場平臺(tai)，開展多(duo)品種、多(duo)形(xing)式、多(duo)主體的(de)市場化交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)，包括實(shi)時深度調(diao)峰(feng)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)停(ting)(ting)機備用(yong)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、可(ke)中斷負荷(he)調(diao)峰(feng)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、電(dian)(dian)儲能調(diao)峰(feng)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、火(huo)電(dian)(dian)應急啟停(ting)(ting)調(diao)峰(feng)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、跨省(sheng)調(diao)峰(feng)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、抽蓄超額使用(yong)輔(fu)(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)、黑啟動等，以解決調(diao)峰(feng)問題，緩解熱電(dian)(dian)矛盾，促進風電(dian)(dian)消納，已(yi)初見成(cheng)效。

計量和結算

根據(ju)《基本規則》，發(fa)電(dian)側(ce)2%以內的(de)少發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)免于支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)偏(pian)差(cha)(cha)考核費用(yong)，電(dian)力用(yong)戶側(ce)2%以內的(de)少用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)免于支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)偏(pian)差(cha)(cha)考核費用(yong)。

山(shan)西、寧夏與《基本規(gui)則》一致；江(jiang)(jiang)蘇、安徽、福建、湖北、湖南(nan)、重(zhong)慶、青海、云(yun)南(nan)有(you)所放(fang)寬，發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍為(wei)±3%；京津唐(tang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍進一步放(fang)寬至±5%；蒙東、吉林、陜西規(gui)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)(ce)5%以(yi)(yi)內的(de)(de)少(shao)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)側(ce)(ce)5%以(yi)(yi)內的(de)(de)少(shao)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核；遼寧規(gui)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)2%以(yi)(yi)內的(de)(de)少(shao)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍為(wei)±5%；黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)5%以(yi)(yi)內的(de)(de)少(shao)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍為(wei)±5%；江(jiang)(jiang)西提出(chu)(chu)采(cai)取滾動調(diao)(diao)整方式(shi)時，大用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)與發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)直接交易(yi)合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)不(bu)超過±3%，采(cai)用預掛牌月(yue)平衡偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)方式(shi)時，與《基本規(gui)則》一致；山(shan)東規(gui)定(ding)(ding)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)側(ce)(ce)合(he)(he)同偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)不(bu)超出(chu)(chu)+6%和-2%免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核；四川規(gui)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)(ce)2%以(yi)(yi)內的(de)(de)少(shao)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核，用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)(ce)合(he)(he)同偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)不(bu)超出(chu)(chu)+5%和-2%免(mian)(mian)于(yu)(yu)偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)考(kao)核；新(xin)疆規(gui)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍為(wei)±5%，新(xin)能源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)(ce)月(yue)度合(he)(he)同執(zhi)行(xing)的(de)(de)實際上(shang)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與合(he)(he)同電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍±15%、無調(diao)(diao)節能力(li)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍±10%、有(you)調(diao)(diao)節性水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)允(yun)許偏(pian)(pian)(pian)差(cha)(cha)范圍為(wei)±5%。

結論

本(ben)文梳理(li)了國(guo)家中長期(qi)交易規則(ze)的(de)要點，在此基(ji)礎(chu)上對各省出臺的(de)交易規則(ze)進行了比較分析，主要結論如(ru)下：

對(dui)市場(chang)成員(yuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)輔助服務市場(chang)總體(ti)處于試(shi)點和(he)起步階段(duan)，部分省份不(bu)包(bao)含獨立輔助服務提(ti)供(gong)者(zhe)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)準(zhun)(zhun)入條件(jian)各省省情不(bu)同、差異(yi)(yi)(yi)較(jiao)大(da)，對(dui)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業的(de)準(zhun)(zhun)入，差異(yi)(yi)(yi)性主(zhu)要體(ti)現在準(zhun)(zhun)入的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源類型和(he)機組容(rong)量；對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)的(de)準(zhun)(zhun)入，差異(yi)(yi)(yi)性主(zhu)要體(ti)現在準(zhun)(zhun)入的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)(deng)級和(he)年用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量；對(dui)售(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)業的(de)準(zhun)(zhun)入，差異(yi)(yi)(yi)性主(zhu)要體(ti)現在履約保函、代理電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶(hu)總用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量、公(gong)司人員(yuan)及(ji)專業等(deng)(deng)補(bu)充(chong)要求。