国产精品视频一区二区三区无码,国产午夜精品无码,午夜天堂一区人妻,无遮挡色视频免费观看,中文字幕久热精品视频在线

2016年以來,我國電力供需形勢總體平穩,“十三五”中后期,湖南、江西等局部地區電力供需形勢逐步趨緊。為保障電力供應安全,避免供需形勢大起大落,現結合“十四五”和中長期電力需求、電源發展情況,預判我國未來電力供需形勢,并提出保障措施建議。

一、“十三五”電力供需形勢回顧

電力(li)供應保障(zhang)能力(li)穩(wen)步夯實(shi)。“十三五”期間(jian),我國電力(li)基礎設施建(jian)設規模穩(wen)步增(zeng)長,電力(li)供應安全性和(he)可靠性持(chi)續提升,為新常態下經濟轉型升級和(he)穩(wen)定增(zeng)長提供有(you)力(li)支(zhi)撐。截至2020年底,全社會用電量達到(dao)7.5萬億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時,全國發電裝機達到(dao)22億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),“西電東(dong)送”規模達2.7億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)。

電(dian)力供需(xu)形勢總體平穩,局(ju)(ju)部地區逐步顯(xian)現偏緊(jin)態勢。“十三五”期(qi)間,我國(guo)電(dian)力供應由(you)相(xiang)對寬松、局(ju)(ju)部過剩逐步轉向總體平衡、局(ju)(ju)部偏緊(jin),實施有序(xu)用(yong)電(dian)的范圍持續擴大、規模明(ming)顯(xian)增加。2020年(nian)入冬以后(hou),湖(hu)南、廣西(xi)、廣東等地用(yong)電(dian)高峰時段電(dian)力供需(xu)緊(jin)張,最(zui)大錯(cuo)(cuo)避(bi)(bi)峰電(dian)力分(fen)別(bie)約(yue)(yue)287萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦、65萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦和35萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦。2021年(nian)1月,電(dian)力供需(xu)緊(jin)張形勢延續,湖(hu)南錯(cuo)(cuo)避(bi)(bi)峰電(dian)力約(yue)(yue)195萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦,江(jiang)西(xi)最(zui)大需(xu)求側響應約(yue)(yue)59萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦、錯(cuo)(cuo)避(bi)(bi)峰電(dian)力約(yue)(yue)122萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦,四川錯(cuo)(cuo)避(bi)(bi)峰電(dian)力約(yue)(yue)279萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦,江(jiang)蘇需(xu)求側響應約(yue)(yue)266萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦、推動輪休錯(cuo)(cuo)峰約(yue)(yue)1143萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦,安徽錯(cuo)(cuo)避(bi)(bi)峰電(dian)力約(yue)(yue)115萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦。

供需(xu)兩端多重因(yin)素疊加引(yin)發局(ju)部(bu)(bu)地區(qu)(qu)供需(xu)偏緊(jin)。一是(shi)(shi)大部(bu)(bu)分(fen)地區(qu)(qu)電(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)求超(chao)(chao)(chao)預期增長(chang),“十三五”末全國超(chao)(chao)(chao)過(guo)2/3省區(qu)(qu)用(yong)電(dian)量增長(chang)超(chao)(chao)(chao)出規(gui)劃(hua)預期,主要集中(zhong)在(zai)東部(bu)(bu)沿海(hai)的廣(guang)東、江(jiang)蘇(su)等(deng)地區(qu)(qu)和中(zhong)西部(bu)(bu)地區(qu)(qu)的湖(hu)南、江(jiang)西等(deng)地區(qu)(qu)。二是(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)支撐性(xing)電(dian)源建設滯(zhi)后,抽水蓄能(neng)、核電(dian)、氣電(dian)裝機規(gui)模(mo)僅分(fen)別完成(cheng)“十三五”規(gui)劃(hua)目標(biao)的50%、74%和73%。三是(shi)(shi)受配套電(dian)源建設進度滯(zhi)后、送受端網架(jia)存在(zai)薄弱環節等(deng)因(yin)素制(zhi)約(yue),部(bu)(bu)分(fen)跨省區(qu)(qu)輸電(dian)通(tong)道利用(yong)率偏低,不(bu)足60%。四是(shi)(shi)新(xin)型(xing)儲(chu)能(neng)大規(gui)模(mo)應用(yong)之(zhi)前,新(xin)能(neng)源的隨機性(xing)、間歇性(xing)特(te)征決定(ding)了風電(dian)、光(guang)伏無法提(ti)供與其裝機容量相當的保障出力(li)(li)。總體上,需(xu)求側超(chao)(chao)(chao)預期發展和供給(gei)側支撐能(neng)力(li)(li)不(bu)足,是(shi)(shi)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)地區(qu)(qu)供需(xu)趨緊(jin)的主要原因(yin)。

二、2021年電力供需形勢研判

全(quan)社會用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)預(yu)計(ji)大幅反彈增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)上半(ban)年(nian)(nian)(nian),國內疫(yi)情得到有(you)效控制(zhi),經濟用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)快速(su)反彈,大量(liang)海外訂單(dan)回(hui)流(liu),下(xia)游基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)需求(qiu)旺(wang)盛,鋼鐵、有(you)色等(deng)(deng)(deng)產(chan)品價(jia)格(ge)處于(yu)高(gao)位,企(qi)業生產(chan)積極性(xing)較高(gao),1~5月全(quan)社會用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)累計(ji)同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)17.7%,是2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)以來的最高(gao)水平(ping)。下(xia)半(ban)年(nian)(nian)(nian),在(zai)碳達峰(feng)、碳中和戰略目(mu)標下(xia),風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、新(xin)型儲能(neng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)供(gong)給側(ce)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)將(jiang)(jiang)快速(su)擴張(zhang),需求(qiu)側(ce)新(xin)能(neng)源汽車、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施等(deng)(deng)(deng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)將(jiang)(jiang)穩(wen)步(bu)推進(jin)(jin),帶動相(xiang)關高(gao)技術(shu)產(chan)業和裝備制(zhi)造業快速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)。新(xin)冠(guan)疫(yi)苗接(jie)種工(gong)作的全(quan)面(mian)推進(jin)(jin),將(jiang)(jiang)進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)減弱疫(yi)情對交通運輸(shu)、餐(can)飲(yin)、住宿(su)等(deng)(deng)(deng)服(fu)務業的影響,帶動服(fu)務業用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)持(chi)續回(hui)升。隨著(zhu)鄉(xiang)村振興(xing)戰略的持(chi)續推進(jin)(jin),部分城鎮老(lao)舊小區改(gai)造完成,城鄉(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化水平(ping)將(jiang)(jiang)穩(wen)步(bu)提升,居民(min)生活用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)仍(reng)有(you)較大增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)空間,但考慮到居民(min)居家生活總體(ti)時間要(yao)低于(yu)2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)水平(ping),預(yu)計(ji)今年(nian)(nian)(nian)居民(min)生活用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)總體(ti)低于(yu)去年(nian)(nian)(nian)同(tong)期水平(ping)。綜合上述因素,預(yu)計(ji)2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)社會用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)將(jiang)(jiang)超過(guo)8.1萬億千(qian)瓦時,同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.0%以上。

總(zong)裝機(ji)規模穩(wen)步增長,支撐(cheng)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)裝機(ji)稍(shao)有不足(zu)。結合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)項目開(kai)工(gong)建設進度(du),預(yu)計(ji)2021年全(quan)國(guo)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)總(zong)裝機(ji)容量約24億千瓦,較(jiao)2020年新增約2億千瓦。其中(zhong),支撐(cheng)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)裝機(ji)約17.2億千瓦,較(jiao)2020年新增約9700萬千瓦,占新增裝機(ji)的一半左右,同比增長約6%,低于用電(dian)(dian)(dian)增速。

預計今年(nian)全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)供需(xu)形勢基本(ben)(ben)平穩,華北、華東(dong)、華中、南(nan)方局部地(di)(di)(di)(di)區高峰(feng)時段(duan)存在較大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)缺口。根據測算,2021年(nian)全(quan)國大(da)(da)部分地(di)(di)(di)(di)區電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)供需(xu)基本(ben)(ben)平衡(heng)。預計浙(zhe)江(jiang)、湖北、湖南(nan)、廣東(dong)、廣西、云南(nan)等省份局部地(di)(di)(di)(di)區高峰(feng)時段(duan)將出(chu)現電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)供需(xu)緊(jin)張的(de)情況,此外(wai),華北地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)冀南(nan)、蒙西、山東(dong),華東(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)江(jiang)蘇、安徽(hui),華中地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)河南(nan)、江(jiang)西、四川(chuan)、重慶(qing),南(nan)方地(di)(di)(di)(di)區的(de)貴(gui)州(zhou)用電(dian)(dian)高峰(feng)時段(duan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)供需(xu)偏緊(jin)。上(shang)述地(di)(di)(di)(di)區需(xu)緊(jin)密跟蹤氣(qi)象及電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)求變(bian)化,加強電(dian)(dian)煤儲備、發電(dian)(dian)燃氣(qi)供應、電(dian)(dian)網(wang)安全(quan)可(ke)靠供電(dian)(dian)、有(you)序用電(dian)(dian)等保障措(cuo)施,提前做好(hao)應急保障方案。

三、“十四五”電力供需形勢研判

電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)求將(jiang)(jiang)保持(chi)(chi)剛性(xing)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長。“十四五(wu)”期間,我國(guo)將(jiang)(jiang)加大(da)“兩(liang)新一重”建設力(li)(li)度(du),加快(kuai)構建雙循環(huan)新發展(zhan)(zhan)格局,經濟發展(zhan)(zhan)內需(xu)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)擴大(da),預(yu)計電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)求將(jiang)(jiang)保持(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)速(su)剛性(xing)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長。從用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長驅動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)來看,制(zhi)造強國(guo)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)目標決定了第二產業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)仍將(jiang)(jiang)剛性(xing)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長,大(da)數據、電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車、5G通信等將(jiang)(jiang)帶動(dong)(dong)第三(san)產業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)快(kuai)速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長,人民對美好生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)需(xu)要將(jiang)(jiang)推動(dong)(dong)居民生(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)穩步增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長。此外,為(wei)實現碳達峰、碳中(zhong)(zhong)和戰略(lve)目標,電(dian)(dian)(dian)能替代力(li)(li)度(du)將(jiang)(jiang)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)加大(da),成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)求增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)(de)重要動(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)。綜(zong)合多方面因素,預(yu)計2025年(nian)全社會用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量將(jiang)(jiang)達到9.5~9.8萬(wan)億千瓦時,“十四五(wu)”年(nian)均增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長4.8%~5.5%。

傳統(tong)支(zhi)撐性電(dian)(dian)源穩步增長,新(xin)能源裝(zhuang)機規(gui)模持續提升。“十四(si)五(wu)”期間(jian)(jian),水(shui)電(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)等(deng)長周期非化(hua)石(shi)電(dian)(dian)源投產(chan)時(shi)序已基本明確(que),預計常(chang)規(gui)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)、抽水(shui)蓄能、核電(dian)(dian)分別新(xin)增約(yue)4100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦、3100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦、2000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦,2025年(nian)(nian)(nian)分別達(da)到(dao)約(yue)3.8億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦、6200萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦、7000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦。此外,預計2025年(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)型儲能達(da)到(dao)3000萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦以上,氣電(dian)(dian)達(da)到(dao)約(yue)1.5億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦。“十四(si)五(wu)”期間(jian)(jian),嚴控煤電(dian)(dian)項目,結合電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需(xu)形勢(shi),科學確(que)定并優化(hua)調整布局,發揮托底保障支(zhi)撐作用。為實現2025年(nian)(nian)(nian)非化(hua)石(shi)能源占一(yi)次能源消費比重20%左右(you)的目標(biao),2025年(nian)(nian)(nian)風電(dian)(dian)、光伏發電(dian)(dian)、生物質(zhi)發電(dian)(dian)等(deng)新(xin)能源裝(zhuang)機需(xu)大規(gui)模發展。

全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供需(xu)形勢總(zong)體趨(qu)緊,面臨系(xi)統性硬缺(que)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)。考慮水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、新(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)能等按(an)(an)期投產(chan);結(jie)合(he)(he)各(ge)地(di)區(qu)光伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性與(yu)系(xi)統負荷特性匹配情況,確定(ding)光伏(fu)(fu)參與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)平衡(heng)規模(mo);結(jie)合(he)(he)風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)滲透率和風(feng)(feng)(feng)資源條(tiao)件,風(feng)(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)按(an)(an)照5%參與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)平衡(heng);在(zai)此基礎上,新(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)能規模(mo)全(quan)部(bu)納入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)平衡(heng)。此外,各(ge)地(di)區(qu)分別按(an)(an)照3%~5%采取(qu)需(xu)求側響應措施,充分考慮區(qu)域電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)備用共享,優(you)化(hua)各(ge)地(di)區(qu)備用容(rong)量,充分提(ti)升現有跨省區(qu)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通道能力(li),優(you)化(hua)省間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)互濟,嚴控煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項目,按(an)(an)需(xu)投產(chan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)平衡(heng)測算結(jie)果表明,“十四五(wu)”期間全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供需(xu)形勢總(zong)體趨(qu)緊,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)缺(que)口逐年擴大,若不及(ji)時加強支撐能力(li)建設,或將(jiang)出現系(xi)統性硬缺(que)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian),主要集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)華(hua)北、華(hua)東、華(hua)中(zhong)、南方等部(bu)分地(di)區(qu)。

按照當(dang)前支撐電源建設進(jin)(jin)度,2023年(nian)(nian)京津冀魯(lu)、華(hua)東(dong)、華(hua)中東(dong)四省、重(zhong)慶、粵(yue)桂黔等地區電力缺口分別在1000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、400萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、1000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、400萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)和200萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)以(yi)上,2025年(nian)(nian)進(jin)(jin)一步擴大(da)到2500萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、1700萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、2500萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、700萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)和1000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)。

四、中長期電力供需形勢研判

為(wei)支撐煤炭、石(shi)油、天然(ran)氣盡早實(shi)現碳達峰,我國將實(shi)現更高水平電(dian)(dian)氣化,預計(ji)2045年(nian)(nian)(nian)前后用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)趨(qu)于飽和,人(ren)均用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量達到(dao)8500千瓦(wa)(wa)時以上。中長期(qi)我國電(dian)(dian)力(li)需求仍將持續增(zeng)長,預計(ji)2030年(nian)(nian)(nian)、2035年(nian)(nian)(nian)全社會(hui)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量將分(fen)別達到(dao)11.5萬億千瓦(wa)(wa)時、13.1萬億千瓦(wa)(wa)時,五年(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)均增(zeng)速(su)分(fen)別約3.9%、2.6%。

以“十四(si)五”電力(li)供需基(ji)本(ben)平衡(heng)為基(ji)礎,結合(he)各類電源發展潛力(li)進行(xing)測(ce)算,中長期全(quan)國仍將存在較大電力(li)缺口,電力(li)供應緊張的(de)地(di)區主要集中在華東、華中、粵桂黔地(di)區,電力(li)缺口分(fen)別在1600萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)、4200萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)、2500萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)以上。

五、電力供應保障措施建議

“十(shi)四五(wu)”及(ji)中(zhong)長(chang)期,在碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和戰(zhan)略(lve)背景(jing)下(xia),為服務(wu)保障經濟高質量發展(zhan),需堅守電力(li)安全底線,加快構建(jian)產供儲(chu)銷綜合(he)電力(li)保障體系,加強電力(li)供需形勢監測預(yu)警,從源、網、荷、儲(chu)各環(huan)節多(duo)措并舉提升電力(li)供應保障能力(li)。

大幅(fu)提升用戶側(ce)需求響(xiang)應能(neng)(neng)力。鼓(gu)勵電價(jia)敏感(gan)型高(gao)載能(neng)(neng)負荷(he)改善工(gong)(gong)藝和生(sheng)產流(liu)程,積(ji)極發展(zhan)電動車、新型儲能(neng)(neng)、電供暖(nuan)等可中斷負荷(he)靈活參與的智能(neng)(neng)高(gao)效用電模(mo)式,完(wan)善峰谷電價(jia)和需求響(xiang)應價(jia)格(ge)機制,釋放居民、商業和一般工(gong)(gong)業負荷(he)的用電彈性(xing),引導用戶優化用電模(mo)式。力爭到2030年,全國各地(di)區(qu)需求側(ce)響(xiang)應能(neng)(neng)力達到最大負荷(he)的5%以(yi)上(shang)。

積極優化布(bu)局(ju)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。推(tui)動新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)規(gui)模化發展,加快推(tui)進新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)技術(shu)研發和應用。在(zai)西部新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)富集地(di)區(qu)以新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)友(you)好綠色電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)模式(shi)布(bu)局(ju)一(yi)批電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)側(ce)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng),在(zai)中東部負荷中心地(di)區(qu)以源(yuan)網荷儲(chu)(chu)(chu)模式(shi)布(bu)局(ju)一(yi)批電(dian)(dian)網側(ce)和用戶側(ce)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng),在(zai)偏遠地(di)區(qu)結合分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)布(bu)局(ju)一(yi)批新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng),重點解決(jue)獨立供電(dian)(dian)問題。

著力提(ti)升(sheng)新能(neng)源電(dian)站(zhan)支撐能(neng)力。鼓勵建設(she)系(xi)統(tong)友好(hao)型(xing)新能(neng)源電(dian)站(zhan),探索市場(chang)化商(shang)業模式,開展多能(neng)互補和源網荷儲(chu)一體化運營示(shi)范,通過合理配置儲(chu)能(neng)設(she)施、提(ti)高能(neng)量(liang)轉換效率、提(ti)升(sheng)長時間(jian)尺(chi)度新能(neng)源預測水(shui)平、智(zhi)慧化調度運行等手段,提(ti)升(sheng)新能(neng)源發電(dian)容量(liang)置信度,為電(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)提(ti)供必要的容量(liang)支撐和調節能(neng)力。

提(ti)升存量(liang)輸電(dian)通(tong)道(dao)利(li)用(yong)率(lv),推動已明確(que)輸電(dian)通(tong)道(dao)盡(jin)快(kuai)(kuai)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)。“十四(si)五”期間,針對準東(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)皖南、上海廟(miao)至(zhi)(zhi)山東(dong)、晉北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)蘇(su)、錫盟至(zhi)(zhi)泰州等(deng)存量(liang)輸電(dian)通(tong)道(dao),通(tong)過加強送受端地區(qu)電(dian)網網架、加快(kuai)(kuai)配(pei)套電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)等(deng)措(cuo)施來提(ti)升輸送能力,合計約4000萬千瓦。加快(kuai)(kuai)推進陜北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)湖北(bei)(bei)、雅(ya)中至(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)西、白鶴灘(tan)至(zhi)(zhi)江(jiang)蘇(su)、白鶴灘(tan)至(zhi)(zhi)浙江(jiang)等(deng)已明確(que)輸電(dian)通(tong)道(dao)及配(pei)套電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)建設投(tou)產(chan)(chan),確(que)保“十四(si)五”初(chu)期新(xin)增3200萬千瓦輸電(dian)能力充分發揮。

持續(xu)提(ti)高電(dian)力(li)(li)資源(yuan)(yuan)配置(zhi)(zhi)能力(li)(li)與質(zhi)量。“十四五(wu)”期間,在(zai)新(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)支(zhi)撐(cheng)(cheng)能力(li)(li)大(da)幅經濟(ji)可靠(kao)提(ti)升以(yi)前,考慮京津冀、華(hua)東(dong)、華(hua)中(zhong)地(di)區(qu)(qu)環保約束增強、東(dong)部省(sheng)份率(lv)先碳達峰等,需依托北方綜合能源(yuan)(yuan)基地(di)加快開工(gong)建(jian)(jian)設一(yi)批(pi)輸電(dian)通(tong)道,提(ti)升中(zhong)東(dong)部重點地(di)區(qu)(qu)的電(dian)力(li)(li)支(zhi)撐(cheng)(cheng)能力(li)(li)。中(zhong)長期,重點構建(jian)(jian)以(yi)水電(dian)、新(xin)型儲能為(wei)基礎保障,新(xin)能源(yuan)(yuan)最大(da)化(hua)利用(yong)和(he)開發的新(xin)模式。以(yi)可再生能源(yuan)(yuan)外送為(wei)重點,超前謀(mou)劃大(da)型清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)基地(di)外送通(tong)道和(he)接續(xu)方案。力(li)(li)爭到2030年,跨省(sheng)跨區(qu)(qu)電(dian)力(li)(li)資源(yuan)(yuan)配置(zhi)(zhi)能力(li)(li)達到4.2億千(qian)瓦以(yi)上。

嚴控(kong)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)項目按需(xu)建(jian)設,支(zhi)撐遠期有(you)序退出(chu)。堅(jian)持系(xi)統(tong)觀念,統(tong)籌電(dian)(dian)(dian)力綠色低碳轉型(xing)和安全供應(ying)(ying)保(bao)障(zhang),在(zai)系(xi)統(tong)友(you)好型(xing)新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)站大規模應(ying)(ying)用并逐步(bu)替代傳統(tong)支(zhi)撐性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源以前,用好存量火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian),結合供需(xu)形勢科學確定(ding)并優化(hua)調(diao)整項目布局,充(chong)分發揮其(qi)系(xi)統(tong)支(zhi)撐和調(diao)節作用,確保(bao)足夠的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力安全供應(ying)(ying)保(bao)障(zhang)能力,為經(jing)濟高質(zhi)量發展提(ti)供堅(jian)實的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力保(bao)障(zhang)。與此同(tong)時,加快突破新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)關(guan)鍵(jian)技術,支(zhi)撐以新能源為主體(ti)的新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)建(jian)設,為碳達(da)峰(feng)、碳中和目標下的煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)序退出(chu)奠定(ding)基礎。

強化(hua)重點地區清潔能(neng)源產(chan)(chan)業(ye)布局(ju)(ju)。在(zai)做好供給(gei)側保障(zhang)能(neng)力(li)建(jian)設(she)的同時,積極引導(dao)(dao)優化(hua)調整(zheng)(zheng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構,鼓勵適應新(xin)能(neng)源的產(chan)(chan)業(ye)優先(xian)發展(zhan)。在(zai)內(nei)蒙古、青海、西藏等西部資源條件好的地區重點布局(ju)(ju)新(xin)型儲能(neng)、新(xin)能(neng)源等產(chan)(chan)業(ye)集(ji)群,在(zai)江蘇、浙江、福(fu)建(jian)、廣東、廣西等地區重點布局(ju)(ju)海上風電(dian)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)集(ji)群。通過引導(dao)(dao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)布局(ju)(ju)調整(zheng)(zheng),有效縮短電(dian)力(li)資源配(pei)置(zhi)距離(li),促進清潔能(neng)源就(jiu)地開發高效利用。