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百年波瀾壯闊，百年壯麗輝煌。建黨百年來，我國能源事業滄桑巨變，取得舉世矚目的歷史性成就，能源結構大幅優化，供給能力不斷加強，節能降耗成效顯著。黨的十八大以來，在“四個革命、一個合作”能源安全新戰略指引下，我國能源領域深刻變革，低碳轉型加速推進，多元化供應格局更加成熟。站在“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的歷史交匯點，能源工業將乘勢而上，勇擔使命，為實現“雙碳”目標、構建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體系、構建以新能源為主體的新型電力系統作出新貢獻。

綠色高效的電源供應體系持續優化，成為全球清潔能源發展的領跑者

我(wo)國(guo)(guo)有電始于1882年的上海。新中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)成立前，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)電力工業基礎差、底子(zi)薄，發(fa)展(zhan)坎坷(ke)。新中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)成立時，全國(guo)(guo)發(fa)電裝(zhuang)機容量185萬千瓦，全國(guo)(guo)發(fa)電量43.1億千瓦時。

新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)成立(li)后(hou)，從(cong)蘇聯(lian)援建25項(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力工程開始(shi)，我國(guo)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)快(kuai)速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，截至2020年底，煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量達10.8億千瓦。自20世紀后(hou)期以來(lai)，隨著水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)能發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的高速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)由主體性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源逐步向調節性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源轉變，2020年煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量降為49.1%。20世紀70年代，我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力環保工作開始(shi)起步。2020年，全國(guo)6000千瓦及以上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標準(zhun)煤耗305.5克/千瓦時，100%燃煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)實現(xian)脫硫，絕大(da)多數火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組實現(xian)脫硝、超(chao)低排放(fang)改造。煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率高于美國(guo)等西方發(fa)(fa)達國(guo)家。

我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)蓬(peng)勃發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面，從第(di)(di)(di)一座(zuo)“自主設(she)計(ji)、自制設(she)備、自己建(jian)設(she)”的大(da)(da)型水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站——新安江水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站開始，葛洲壩、三峽、錦(jin)屏(ping)等大(da)(da)型水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站如(ru)雨后春筍般興起，截至(zhi)2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量達3.7億(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，年(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量1.36萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，穩居(ju)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)(di)(di)一。新能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面，1986年(nian)(nian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)成(cheng)第(di)(di)(di)一座(zuo)并網風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場，2011年(nian)(nian)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)突(tu)破4000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，超越(yue)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)(di)(di)一；1983年(nian)(nian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)成(cheng)第(di)(di)(di)一座(zuo)光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，2015年(nian)(nian)光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)突(tu)破4000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，超越(yue)德國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)(di)(di)一；截至(zhi)2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)并網風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)分別達到2.8億(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)和2.5億(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)。核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面，1991年(nian)(nian)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)自主設(she)計(ji)建(jian)造(zao)的第(di)(di)(di)一座(zuo)30萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)壓(ya)水(shui)(shui)堆(dui)核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站在(zai)浙江秦(qin)山(shan)并網發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。截至(zhi)2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)運核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)47臺(tai)，裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量4989萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，居(ju)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)(di)(di)三；在(zai)建(jian)核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)14臺(tai)，裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)1550萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，居(ju)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)(di)(di)一。截至(zhi)2020年(nian)(nian)底(di)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量22億(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量7.6萬(wan)億(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，其中，非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量占(zhan)(zhan)比44.8%，發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量占(zhan)(zhan)比33.9%。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量約占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)球的三分之(zhi)一，連續多年(nian)(nian)成(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)球最大(da)(da)可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)生(sheng)產國(guo)(guo)(guo)和消費(fei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)。

堅強智能的電網安全穩定運行，為經濟社會發展提供了有力支撐

新(xin)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立前(qian)，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網十分薄弱，只覆蓋少數大城(cheng)市，多是以(yi)城(cheng)市為供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中心的(de)孤立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)和相應的(de)低壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。改革開放以(yi)后，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網快(kuai)(kuai)速發展(zhan)，2009年電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網規模超過美國(guo)(guo)(guo)，躍(yue)居世界(jie)第一。2011年11月，隨著青藏±400千伏(fu)聯(lian)網工程(cheng)的(de)投運，實現除中國(guo)(guo)(guo)臺灣外(wai)的(de)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)聯(lian)網。截至2020年底，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)35千伏(fu)及以(yi)上輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路回路長度205萬千米，公用變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)容(rong)量69億(yi)千伏(fu)安(an)。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)累計建(jian)成(cheng)投運“14交(jiao)16直(zhi)”30項特(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)工程(cheng)。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)各級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網協調發展(zhan)，區(qu)域主(zhu)(zhu)網架(jia)不(bu)斷完善，華北(bei)、華東特(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)主(zhu)(zhu)網架(jia)基本形成(cheng)，華中特(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)主(zhu)(zhu)網架(jia)加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)，東北(bei)、西北(bei)主(zhu)(zhu)網架(jia)不(bu)斷優化，西南川渝藏形成(cheng)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，南方區(qu)域西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東送主(zhu)(zhu)網架(jia)形成(cheng)交(jiao)直(zhi)流(liu)并(bing)聯(lian)運行的(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網格(ge)局(ju)。

電壓(ya)等級(ji)不斷提升。歷經百年發(fa)展，我國形成了1000/500/220/110（66）/35/10/0.4千(qian)伏(fu)和750/330（220）/110/35/10/0.4千(qian)伏(fu)兩個交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電壓(ya)等級(ji)序(xu)列(lie)，以及±500（±400）、±660、±800、±1100千(qian)伏(fu)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)電電壓(ya)等級(ji)。2009年，晉東南—南陽(yang)—荊門1000千(qian)伏(fu)特高(gao)壓(ya)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)試驗示范工程投入運(yun)行；2010年，世界首個商業化(hua)運(yun)營(ying)的特高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)電工程——云廣(guang)±800千(qian)伏(fu)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)電工程雙極(ji)投產；2019年，準東—皖(wan)南±1100千(qian)伏(fu)特高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)電工程投運(yun)。

電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統不斷提升技術水平(ping)、創新裝(zhuang)備系(xi)統、強化管理手段(duan)。加(jia)大智能(neng)電(dian)網的(de)研究、建設(she)(she)力(li)(li)(li)度(du)，開展了廣州(zhou)中新知識(shi)城、深圳前海新區等示(shi)范區建設(she)(she)，建成(cheng)張北國(guo)家風光(guang)儲輸示(shi)范工程(cheng)。加(jia)強智慧電(dian)廠(chang)、數字(zi)電(dian)網建設(she)(she)，大力(li)(li)(li)推動多能(neng)協(xie)同(tong)互補。電(dian)網智能(neng)化水平(ping)居世界先進行(xing)列，保持了全國(guo)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)全形勢總體穩定，打(da)造了世界上(shang)安(an)(an)(an)全運行(xing)水平(ping)最高(gao)、安(an)(an)(an)全運行(xing)紀錄最長(chang)的(de)特大型電(dian)網。

電力科技創新發展日新月異，引領實現電力工業強國夢

新中國(guo)成立70多年來，電力(li)行業將創新作為引領發展的(de)第(di)一動力(li)，逐漸從設(she)備進(jin)口和技(ji)術引進(jin)過渡到自(zi)主研(yan)發、自(zi)主設(she)計、自(zi)主建造、具有自(zi)主知識(shi)產權的(de)國(guo)際先進(jin)技(ji)術，電力(li)科技(ji)水(shui)平進(jin)入世界(jie)前列。

火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方面。改革開(kai)放后，我(wo)國(guo)大力加強技(ji)術研發，1985年，首臺(tai)國(guo)產60萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)亞臨界(jie)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組在安(an)徽淮南(nan)成(cheng)功運行，標志著中國(guo)大容量、高參數(shu)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組自(zi)主化(hua)制造的開(kai)端；2006年，華能玉環(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠投產首臺(tai)國(guo)產100萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)超(chao)超(chao)臨界(jie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組；2015年，華能安(an)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泰州(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠投產66萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、100萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)二次再(zai)熱超(chao)超(chao)臨界(jie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組；截至2020年底，全國(guo)百萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠共490座。2012年，華能25萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)整體煤(mei)氣(qi)化(hua)燃氣(qi)—蒸(zheng)汽(qi)聯(lian)合循環(huan)（IGCC）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠投產發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，是我(wo)國(guo)最(zui)環(huan)保(bao)的燃煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。2013年，我(wo)國(guo)自(zi)主研發，具有(you)完(wan)全自(zi)主知識(shi)產權的四川白馬60萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)超(chao)臨界(jie)循環(huan)流化(hua)床示(shi)范電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組投運。

水電(dian)(dian)(dian)方面。我國水力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)技術隨著水電(dian)(dian)(dian)重大工(gong)程應用逐漸成(cheng)長，從30萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)劉家峽，到(dao)(dao)40萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)李家峽、55萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)二(er)灘(tan)、70萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)三(san)峽，再到(dao)(dao)80萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)向(xiang)家壩、100萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)白鶴灘(tan)，單機容量不斷(duan)刷新世界(jie)紀(ji)錄，國產化率(lv)持續提(ti)升至(zhi)100%。我國水電(dian)(dian)(dian)行業在(zai)規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)計、大壩施工(gong)、設(she)備(bei)制造等方面都居(ju)于世界(jie)領先水平。

風(feng)電(dian)(dian)方面。從20世紀(ji)80年代開始，我國風(feng)電(dian)(dian)企業(ye)通過(guo)不斷引進消化吸收和再創新，到21世紀(ji)初(chu)期(qi)已具備600千(qian)瓦(wa)和750千(qian)瓦(wa)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組生產(chan)能力。2005年，具有自主知識產(chan)權的兆(zhao)瓦(wa)級風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組裝機(ji)(ji)試(shi)運行，此后風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組從1.5兆(zhao)瓦(wa)步入(ru)6兆(zhao)瓦(wa)時(shi)代。海上(shang)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)方面，2020年7月，國內首臺10兆(zhao)瓦(wa)海上(shang)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組在福(fu)清成(cheng)功并網發電(dian)(dian)。我國風(feng)電(dian)(dian)技術水平和制造規模位(wei)居世界前(qian)列，目前(qian)整機(ji)(ji)制造產(chan)量(liang)占全球總產(chan)量(liang)4成(cheng)以上(shang)。

太陽能發電方面。經過多年研究和技術進步，我國太陽能技術更新迭代迅速，成本快速下降，2010年以來加權成本下降超過80%。中國光伏制造業領先世界，多晶硅、光伏電池、光伏組件產量均超過全球總產量的三分之二。光熱領域，2005年以來，我國光熱發電產業從無到有，規模效應逐漸顯現。2018年12月28日，敦煌100兆瓦熔鹽塔式光熱電站成功并網發電，標志著我國成為世界上少數掌握百兆瓦級熔鹽塔式光熱電站技術的國家。

核(he)電(dian)方面。核(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)從無到有，通(tong)過(guo)自主(zhu)創新(xin)(xin)和(he)引進、消化、吸收、再創新(xin)(xin)，我國(guo)較快地掌握了世界先(xian)進核(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)，具(ju)備了10萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、30萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、60萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、100萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、150萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)級核(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)開發能力，在(zai)ACP1000堆型和(he)ACPR1000+堆型基(ji)(ji)礎上融合研發出的“華龍一(yi)(yi)號”技(ji)術(shu)，在(zai)AP1000技(ji)術(shu)基(ji)(ji)礎上自主(zhu)研發的CAP1400“國(guo)和(he)一(yi)(yi)號”技(ji)術(shu)，標志(zhi)著(zhu)我國(guo)已掌握自主(zhu)三代核(he)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)。我國(guo)核(he)電(dian)裝備國(guo)產化率超過(guo)85%，反應堆壓力容器(qi)等(deng)核(he)心裝備都已實(shi)現國(guo)產。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)方面。中國(guo)主導制定的特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)、新能源并(bing)網(wang)(wang)等國(guo)際標(biao)準成為全球(qiu)相關工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)的重要(yao)規(gui)范。特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)1000千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)交流和(he)±800千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)、±1100千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)直流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)實現全面突破，“特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)交流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)關鍵技術(shu)、成套設(she)備及工(gong)程(cheng)應用”和(he)“特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)±800千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)直流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)”先(xian)后(hou)獲得國(guo)家科技進步特(te)(te)(te)等獎。柔性(xing)直流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)取(qu)得顯著進步，源—網(wang)(wang)—荷—儲互(hu)動技術(shu)、微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)技術(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備關鍵技術(shu)等智能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)技術(shu)世(shi)界領先(xian)。

始終堅持“人民電業為人民”的宗旨，人民群眾的獲得感幸福感持續增強

新(xin)中國成立(li)后，電(dian)力(li)工業(ye)堅持(chi)“人(ren)民電(dian)業(ye)為人(ren)民”的宗旨，在人(ren)民群(qun)眾生(sheng)產生(sheng)活用電(dian)、脫貧攻堅、大氣(qi)污染防治(zhi)等重大民生(sheng)用能行(xing)動中取得重要成就，人(ren)民群(qun)眾的獲得感不斷提高。

實現戶(hu)戶(hu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，全(quan)面消滅無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)人口。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)，我國農村通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)極(ji)低，農村年(nian)(nian)(nian)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量僅為2000萬千瓦時。2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國縣、鄉、村通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)全(quan)部達到(dao)100%。截至2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)底，青海(hai)最(zui)后9614戶(hu)、共計(ji)3.98萬無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)人口通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，中國全(quan)部人口都用上了電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

為打(da)贏(ying)脫貧(pin)攻堅(jian)戰作出(chu)積極貢獻。開展小(xiao)城鎮(zhen)（中心村(cun)）農(nong)網改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)、機井通(tong)電(dian)(dian)和貧(pin)困村(cun)通(tong)動力電(dian)(dian)，惠(hui)(hui)及農(nong)村(cun)居民1.8億(yi)人、農(nong)田1.5億(yi)畝、村(cun)莊3.35萬(wan)(wan)個(ge)；累計安排中央(yang)預算內投資345億(yi)元，重點(dian)支(zhi)持“三區三州(zhou)”深度貧(pin)困地區農(nong)網改(gai)(gai)造(zao)(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)，建成光伏發電(dian)(dian)并(bing)網規(gui)模1363萬(wan)(wan)千瓦，惠(hui)(hui)及約224萬(wan)(wan)貧(pin)困戶。

電(dian)力(li)(li)服務質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)持續(xu)提升。改革開(kai)放后(hou)，經過持續(xu)不懈的努力(li)(li)，中(zhong)國供(gong)電(dian)可靠(kao)性大幅提升，進入高(gao)可靠(kao)性、高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)階段。2020年中(zhong)國平均供(gong)電(dian)可靠(kao)率為99.865%。電(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)業持續(xu)深化優質(zhi)(zhi)服務，世界銀行(xing)發布的《2020年營商環(huan)境報(bao)告》中(zhong)，中(zhong)國在“獲得電(dian)力(li)(li)”方面全球(qiu)排(pai)名第12位，處于世界領先水(shui)平。

人(ren)均(jun)(jun)(jun)用電(dian)(dian)量超(chao)(chao)過世界平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。1978年(nian)(nian)，中國人(ren)均(jun)(jun)(jun)用電(dian)(dian)量261千瓦(wa)時(shi)，低于世界平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)1523千瓦(wa)時(shi)；2010年(nian)(nian)，中國人(ren)均(jun)(jun)(jun)用電(dian)(dian)量3140千瓦(wa)時(shi)，超(chao)(chao)過世界平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)的(de)2955千瓦(wa)時(shi)；2020年(nian)(nian)，中國人(ren)均(jun)(jun)(jun)用電(dian)(dian)量達5342千瓦(wa)時(shi)，大大超(chao)(chao)過世界平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。

電力國際合作成效斐然，為構建人類命運共同體作出重大貢獻

中國(guo)電(dian)力工業雖起步較早，但電(dian)力國(guo)際合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)僅限(xian)于購買國(guo)外(wai)設備、技術。新(xin)中國(guo)成立后，電(dian)力國(guo)際合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)經歷從“引進(jin)來”到“走出去”的(de)變(bian)化過(guo)程，從封閉發展走進(jin)了全面對外(wai)開放的(de)新(xin)時代(dai)。

以1964年啟(qi)動的(de)幾內亞金(jin)康(kang)水電(dian)站項目(mu)（首個(ge)海外(wai)電(dian)力(li)(li)援助(zhu)項目(mu)）為開端(duan)，中國電(dian)力(li)(li)開始了(le)海外(wai)電(dian)力(li)(li)項目(mu)建設(she)。近年來，電(dian)力(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)投(tou)資菲律賓(bin)、巴西、葡(pu)萄牙等國家(jia)電(dian)力(li)(li)項目(mu)，建立覆蓋資金(jin)、技術、裝備等環節的(de)全產業(ye)鏈電(dian)力(li)(li)國際合作模(mo)式。截至2020年底，中國主要電(dian)力(li)(li)企(qi)業(ye)境外(wai)累(lei)計實際投(tou)資總(zong)額(e)957億(yi)(yi)美元(yuan)，對外(wai)工程承(cheng)包新簽合同額(e)累(lei)計3120.2億(yi)(yi)美元(yuan)。同時，建成中俄(e)、中蒙、中吉(ji)等跨國輸電(dian)線路。

電(dian)力標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)國際化深入推進(jin)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)特(te)高(gao)壓、新(xin)能(neng)源、電(dian)動汽車充電(dian)設施(shi)等相關標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)方面居于世界領先水平。主導編制國際電(dian)力標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)上百項(xiang)，近400項(xiang)電(dian)力標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)海外(wai)順(shun)利實施(shi)。2016年(nian)，我國發(fa)(fa)起的全球能(neng)源互聯網發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)合作組(zu)織成立。截至2020年(nian)底，我國電(dian)力企業共加入120多個國際組(zu)織與(yu)機構，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)相關國際組(zu)織中擔(dan)任重(zhong)要職(zhi)務。

站上新的歷史起點，碳達峰、碳中和開啟電力發展新時代

“十四五”是碳達峰的關鍵期、窗口期，要構建清潔(jie)低碳、安全高(gao)效的能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)體系(xi)，實施可再生能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)替代(dai)行動，構建以新能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為主體的新型電力系(xi)統。

電(dian)(dian)力工(gong)業(ye)是構(gou)建清潔低碳(tan)(tan)、安全(quan)(quan)(quan)高效(xiao)能源體系(xi)的(de)核心(xin)和基礎。目前，我(wo)國電(dian)(dian)力碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)占全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會(hui)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)4成(cheng)左右。隨著(zhu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會(hui)電(dian)(dian)氣化水平的(de)提升(sheng)，“十四五”期間(jian)將(jiang)有更多(duo)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)從終(zhong)端用能行業(ye)轉移到電(dian)(dian)力，預(yu)計2025年(nian)、2030年(nian)、2035年(nian)我(wo)國全(quan)(quan)(quan)社會(hui)用電(dian)(dian)量分(fen)別達(da)到9.5萬億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)、11.3萬億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)、12.6萬億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)力行業(ye)碳(tan)(tan)減排(pai)、維護電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統安全(quan)(quan)(quan)穩定(ding)運行壓力將(jiang)持續(xu)加大。

加(jia)快構建(jian)(jian)以新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)為主(zhu)體的(de)(de)新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統(tong)迫(po)在(zai)眉睫。要(yao)保持(chi)(chi)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)快速發展，積(ji)極推進(jin)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)開發。要(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)調(diao)峰(feng)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設，持(chi)(chi)續開展煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組靈活性改(gai)造，大(da)力(li)(li)加(jia)強(qiang)儲能(neng)(neng)體系建(jian)(jian)設。適應高比例新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、高比例電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備(bei)需(xu)要(yao)，促(cu)進(jin)系統(tong)各環(huan)節全面數字化(hua)(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)，打(da)造多(duo)元融合(he)高彈性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)。要(yao)貫徹落實(shi)節能(neng)(neng)優先方針(zhen)，大(da)力(li)(li)實(shi)施(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)替代，積(ji)極推動(dong)多(duo)元互動(dong)的(de)(de)綜合(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)服務。要(yao)持(chi)(chi)續深化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)市場(chang)建(jian)(jian)設，發揮碳市場(chang)作用(yong)(yong)，促(cu)進(jin)低(di)成本減碳，充(chong)分發揮市場(chang)在(zai)資(zi)源(yuan)配置(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)決定性作用(yong)(yong)。