一(yi)季(ji)度,新冠肺炎疫(yi)情給經濟(ji)社會發展帶來深(shen)刻影響。對此(ci),電網企業(ye)積極響應、扎實(shi)落實(shi)黨中(zhong)央(yang)國務院對防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)、復工復產的各(ge)項(xiang)要求,出臺系列舉(ju)措(cuo),滿足了防(fang)(fang)疫(yi)、經濟(ji)發展各(ge)項(xiang)用電需求。同時(shi),著(zhu)力提(ti)高新能源消納水平,為今年決勝(sheng)污染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)攻堅戰開了好頭(tou)。
各地電網企業近日公布的(de)一季(ji)度(du)工作透露,隨(sui)著(zhu)復工復產提速,與去年同期相比(bi),新疆(jiang)、陜西(xi)、寧夏等省(區(qu))跨區(qu)輸電大幅增長,同時,西(xi)北(bei)、華北(bei)、東北(bei)等地區(qu)新能源利(li)用(yong)水(shui)平(ping)也(ye)持續提升,實現“開門紅”。
用電回補跨區輸電大幅增長
“隨著山東(dong)地(di)區企業大(da)量復工(gong)復產,銀(yin)東(dong)直流(liu)(liu)(±660千伏寧(ning)東(dong)-山東(dong)直流(liu)(liu)輸電工(gong)程(cheng))送(song)端站(zhan)——銀(yin)川東(dong)換流(liu)(liu)站(zhan)送(song)電量逐步回(hui)升,3月(yue)18日(ri)至今,換流(liu)(liu)站(zhan)基本(ben)保持以400萬千瓦(wa)的輸送(song)功率滿負荷(he)運行,日(ri)外送(song)電量最高達9600萬千瓦(wa)時。”銀(yin)川東(dong)換流(liu)(liu)站(zhan)負責人趙欣洋近(jin)日(ri)介(jie)紹。
同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),隨著浙江有序復工復產,靈紹直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(±800千(qian)伏寧東-浙江特高壓直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng))日(ri)(ri)送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)量逐步(bu)回(hui)升,今年以來靈州換流(liu)(liu)(liu)站累計送(song)(song)浙江電(dian)(dian)量達110.48億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi),比(bi)(bi)去年同(tong)(tong)期增長(chang)31.41%;昭沂直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(±800千(qian)伏內蒙古伊克(ke)昭-山(shan)東臨沂特高壓直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng))的重要(yao)支撐電(dian)(dian)源——寧夏(xia)沙湖750千(qian)伏變電(dian)(dian)站外送(song)(song)負荷已突破400萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa),日(ri)(ri)送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)量達9600萬(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。據統計,一季度,寧夏(xia)電(dian)(dian)網外送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)量176.3億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi),同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)17.16%。
不僅是(shi)寧(ning)夏,西北其他地區外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)也(ye)大幅增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang),如(ru)新疆電(dian)網一季度完成疆電(dian)外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)206.08億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi),同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)40.8%,達(da)最好水平,其中±1100千(qian)(qian)伏準東-皖南特高壓直(zhi)流工程外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)83.37億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi),占比(bi)達(da)40.4%,是(shi)疆電(dian)外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)快(kuai)速增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的主要原因(yin);陜西電(dian)網外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)46.01億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi),同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)64.85%,其中跨區外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)23.65億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi),同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)0.85%,跨省外(wai)(wai)(wai)送(song)22.36億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi),同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)401.35%。
西(xi)電東(dong)送(song)恢復(fu)(fu)得益于華北(bei)、華東(dong)等負荷地區復(fu)(fu)工復(fu)(fu)產不(bu)斷增長的電力需求。國網能源研究院能源戰略(lve)與規劃研究所室主任伍聲宇此前(qian)表示,一方(fang)面,在疫情(qing)得到(dao)有效控制階段(duan)及疫情(qing)過后,全社會(hui)用電用能會(hui)迎(ying)來回補,特(te)別是受疫情(qing)影響較大(da)的行業和地區,回補將更明顯(xian);另一方(fang)面,5G基站(zhan)、大(da)數(shu)據中心(xin)等新基建均(jun)是耗能大(da)戶。
其實,不僅是外送(song)電(dian)能力大幅(fu)提高,當地負(fu)荷(he)也逐步恢復正常。4月1日,西北電(dian)網最大負(fu)荷(he)達8081萬千瓦,逐步恢復至正常負(fu)荷(he)水平,標(biao)志(zhi)著西北用電(dian)負(fu)荷(he)基(ji)本走出疫情影(ying)響(xiang),各行業復工生產正穩步推進。
市場配置新能源利用水平提高
同時,在電力市場優(you)化配置能(neng)源資源下,新(xin)能(neng)源外送、消(xiao)納水平(ping)也創(chuang)新(xin)高。
“截至(zhi)4月10日(ri),寧(ning)(ning)夏電(dian)(dian)網通過(guo)直流(liu)通道打捆(kun)外(wai)送(song)新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)達(da)31.32億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi),與2019年同期(qi)相比增長46.22%。”國(guo)網寧(ning)(ning)夏電(dian)(dian)力(li)檢修公司總(zong)經理(li)宋永強(qiang)近日(ri)介紹。同時(shi)(shi),一(yi)(yi)季(ji)度(du),陜西(xi)電(dian)(dian)網新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量41.4億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi),同比增長33.7%,這(zhe)得(de)益于2019年底陜西(xi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)輔(fu)助服(fu)務(wu)市場(chang)啟動試運行,在提升電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)調節能力(li)、促進(jin)新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)消納和治污降霾中發(fa)(fa)揮了顯著作用。此(ci)外(wai),一(yi)(yi)季(ji)度(du)新(xin)(xin)疆新(xin)(xin)能源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)量外(wai)送(song)規模創新(xin)(xin)高,達(da)48億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi),占所(suo)有外(wai)送(song)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)23%。
尤其作為西北(bei)(bei)地區新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消納(na)的重(zhong)中(zhong)之(zhi)重(zhong),甘肅新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消納(na)水平(ping)不斷提(ti)高。3月17日,甘肅新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電出(chu)力(li)達1107.9萬(wan)千瓦,首次(ci)突(tu)破1100萬(wan)千瓦;4月16日,甘肅新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)最大出(chu)力(li)1297.6萬(wan)千瓦,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電量2.1288億(yi)千瓦時(shi),首次(ci)突(tu)破2億(yi)千瓦時(shi),均創(chuang)歷史新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)高。國網甘肅電力(li)調控中(zhong)心(xin)副處長李全茂此前介紹:“預計(ji)3、4月份新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利用率(lv)(lv)將(jiang)達94%以上(shang),比去(qu)年同期提(ti)高1-3個(ge)百分點。”就整個(ge)西北(bei)(bei)地區而(er)言,一季(ji)度新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電量367億(yi)千瓦時(shi),同比增長11%,新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利用率(lv)(lv)達93.31%。
同(tong)(tong)時,其他地區新(xin)(xin)能源利用(yong)水(shui)平也不斷(duan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高。國(guo)網(wang)(wang)華北分(fen)(fen)(fen)部充分(fen)(fen)(fen)發揮調(diao)峰(feng)輔助服(fu)務(wu)市場的引(yin)導作用(yong),促進696臺2.49億千(qian)瓦(wa)火電(dian)(dian)機組參與(yu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)調(diao)峰(feng),提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)華北電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)新(xin)(xin)能源利用(yong)率(lv)1.9個百分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian),分(fen)(fen)(fen)別幫助河北、山西、山東電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別提(ti)(ti)(ti)高新(xin)(xin)能源利用(yong)率(lv)5.9、4.1、1.0個百分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian)。截至3月底,東北電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)新(xin)(xin)能源發電(dian)(dian)量233億千(qian)瓦(wa)時,同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增長3.03%;新(xin)(xin)能源利用(yong)率(lv)98.38%,同(tong)(tong)比(bi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高1.77個百分(fen)(fen)(fen)點(dian),基(ji)本無(wu)棄(qi)風棄(qi)光。
入列新基建特高壓建設、論證提速
面對(dui)新冠肺炎疫情沖擊和經濟下行壓(ya)(ya)力,5G基站、特(te)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)等七大領域(yu)的新基建(jian)成為(wei)國家(jia)振興經濟的強心劑。對(dui)此,各(ge)地電網企(qi)業紛(fen)紛(fen)出臺相應(ying)措施,加快特(te)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)輸電通道建(jian)設。
3月(yue)30日,±800千伏陜北(bei)-湖北(bei)特(te)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)輸電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程湖北(bei)段(duan)項目開工(gong)(gong)(gong),這(zhe)是伴隨復(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)復(fu)產(chan)步伐,湖北(bei)省內開工(gong)(gong)(gong)的首個重(zhong)大(da)能(neng)源項目,同時,標志著包括(kuo)1000千伏蒙西-晉中、駐馬店-南(nan)陽、張北(bei)-雄安特(te)高壓(ya)交流(liu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程和±800千伏青海(hai)-河南(nan)、雅(ya)中-江西在內的國網“三交三直(zhi)”特(te)高壓(ya)全面復(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。
南(nan)方區(qu)域,南(nan)網近日(ri)召(zhao)開(kai)了昆柳(liu)龍(long)直流(liu)(liu)(烏東(dong)德電(dian)站送電(dian)廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)廣(guang)(guang)西特高壓多端(duan)直流(liu)(liu)示范(fan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng))、云(yun)貴(gui)互聯工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)及其配(pei)套(tao)交流(liu)(liu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)啟動(dong)驗收委(wei)員會會議(yi),審議(yi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)啟動(dong)投產(chan)計劃(hua)及相(xiang)關授權(quan)事宜。據了解,目前昆柳(liu)龍(long)直流(liu)(liu)建(jian)設總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)(jin)展完(wan)(wan)成87.8%,其中(zhong)昆北(bei)(bei)換流(liu)(liu)站總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)(jin)度為(wei)88%,龍(long)門(men)換流(liu)(liu)站總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)(jin)度為(wei)84.5%,柳(liu)北(bei)(bei)換流(liu)(liu)站總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)(jin)度為(wei)70%,工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)直流(liu)(liu)線路總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)完(wan)(wan)成97.8%,正按計劃(hua)加快推進(jin)(jin)。
同時,根據國網(wang)《2020年(nian)特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)和跨省500千伏及(ji)以上交(jiao)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)項(xiang)目(mu)前期(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)作計(ji)(ji)劃》,該公司將加快“五交(jiao)五直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)年(nian)內核(he)準及(ji)前期(qi)(qi)預(yu)可研。其(qi)中,交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)方(fang)面,南(nan)陽-荊門-長沙(sha)、南(nan)昌(chang)(chang)-長沙(sha)、武(wu)漢(han)-荊門、駐馬店-武(wu)漢(han)、武(wu)漢(han)-南(nan)昌(chang)(chang)5項(xiang)特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)程分別(bie)計(ji)(ji)劃于今年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)、6月(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)、10月(yue)(yue)和12月(yue)(yue)獲核(he)準;直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)方(fang)面,白(bai)鶴灘-江(jiang)蘇、白(bai)鶴灘-浙(zhe)江(jiang)2項(xiang)特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)程分別(bie)計(ji)(ji)劃于6月(yue)(yue)、12月(yue)(yue)獲批(pi)復。上述工(gong)(gong)程計(ji)(ji)劃2021-2023年(nian)建(jian)成投運(yun)。“五直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”另外三直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為金上水電外送、隴東(dong)-山(shan)東(dong)、哈密-重(zhong)慶特(te)(te)(te)高(gao)壓(ya)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)程,將于6月(yue)(yue)完成工(gong)(gong)程預(yu)可研,并納入國家電力統一(yi)(yi)規(gui)劃后開(kai)展科研設計(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)化招(zhao)標。
除上述項目外,新基建(jian)也刺激部分(fen)地區超前規(gui)(gui)劃特(te)(te)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)通(tong)道,積極對接國家(jia)“十(shi)四五”電力規(gui)(gui)劃。如國網青海電力在加(jia)快推(tui)進青海-河南特(te)(te)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)直流工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)復工(gong)(gong)建(jian)設的同時(shi),配合(he)政府開展青海第(di)二條(tiao)特(te)(te)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)外送通(tong)道研究;國網湖南電力積極推(tui)進第(di)二回特(te)(te)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)直流入(ru)湘工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)納入(ru)國家(jia)規(gui)(gui)劃。