國家發改(gai)委(wei)、國家能源局近日下發通知取消(xiao)部(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)區增量配電業務改(gai)革試(shi)(shi)點,“在試(shi)(shi)點工作推進(jin)過程中(zhong),部(bu)分(fen)項目由于(yu)(yu)前期負荷預測脫離實(shi)際、未與地(di)(di)方電網規劃有效(xiao)銜(xian)接、受電主體(ti)項目沒有落地(di)(di)等原因,不(bu)再具備試(shi)(shi)點條(tiao)件。”被取消(xiao)試(shi)(shi)點資格的(de)24個項目中(zhong),位于(yu)(yu)甘(gan)肅省的(de)項目數量最多。
上述通知稱,2016年(nian)11月以(yi)來,國家發(fa)改(gai)委、國家能(neng)源(yuan)局(ju)先后(hou)分四批在全(quan)國范圍內開展了404個(ge)增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)業務改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試點,鼓勵社會資(zi)本投(tou)資(zi)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)業務,有效提高配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網運營效率,優化供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)服(fu)務,降低配電(dian)(dian)(dian)成本。為加強對(dui)增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試點的統籌指導(dao),2019年(nian)4月,國家發(fa)改(gai)委、國家能(neng)源(yuan)局(ju)組成6個(ge)調研(yan)組,對(dui)12個(ge)省(sheng)份的增(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)業務改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試點情況開展實(shi)地指導(dao)和(he)調研(yan),試點項目工作(zuo)進度(du)明顯加快。
截(jie)至2019年8月(yue)31日,第一批試(shi)點的(de)94個項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(不含12個申請(qing)取消(xiao)(xiao)的(de)試(shi)點項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu))中,92個項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)已確定項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)業主,25個項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)已建成投(tou)產(chan),29個項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)已開工建設(she)。截(jie)至8月(yue)底,總計24個項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)申請(qing)取消(xiao)(xiao)增量配電(dian)業務改革(ge)試(shi)點,經評估認定,國(guo)家(jia)發改委(wei)、國(guo)家(jia)能源(yuan)局(ju)同意上述試(shi)點項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)取消(xiao)(xiao)試(shi)點資格(ge)。
增量配(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務(wu)的概念誕生于2015年(nian)啟動的新(xin)一(yi)輪電(dian)(dian)力(li)體(ti)制改革(ge)。2015年(nian)3月,中(zhong)共中(zhong)央、國務(wu)院下發《關于進一(yi)步(bu)深(shen)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)力(li)體(ti)制改革(ge)的若干意見》,新(xin)電(dian)(dian)改拉(la)開序(xu)幕。這(zhe)份(fen)電(dian)(dian)改綱領性文(wen)件提出,“鼓(gu)勵社會資本投資配(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務(wu)”,“按照有利于促進配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)建設發展和(he)提高配(pei)電(dian)(dian)運營效(xiao)率的要求,探索社會資本投資配(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務(wu)的有效(xiao)途徑。逐步(bu)向(xiang)符合條件的市(shi)場主體(ti)放開增量配(pei)電(dian)(dian)投資業(ye)務(wu),鼓(gu)勵以混(hun)合所有制方式發展配(pei)電(dian)(dian)業(ye)務(wu)。”
增量配(pei)電(dian)網(wang)放開是(shi)本(ben)輪電(dian)改最大(da)亮點之一(yi)。其盈利(li)前景在(zai)于,以配(pei)網(wang)為基礎(chu),開展(zhan)售(shou)電(dian)業務(wu),可實(shi)現(xian)配(pei)售(shou)一(yi)體化;或進一(yi)步實(shi)現(xian)多(duo)能(neng)互補(bu)、能(neng)源綜(zong)合利(li)用,獲取更多(duo)商業利(li)益;單獨的配(pei)電(dian)價格核(he)定將成(cheng)為必(bi)然(ran),可通過收(shou)取配(pei)電(dian)價格回收(shou)投資。
對(dui)于增(zeng)量配電(dian)業務試點(dian)(dian)(dian)推進(jin)過(guo)程中遇到的(de)阻(zu)力,主管部門此前就曾總(zong)結公布過(guo):根據國家發(fa)改委、國家能源局2018年10月下發(fa)的(de)通(tong)報(bao),在對(dui)各省(sheng)(區(qu)、市)試點(dian)(dian)(dian)情況(kuang)進(jin)行書(shu)面督導、并赴部分省(sheng)(區(qu)、市)開(kai)展實地(di)督查(cha)調研后發(fa)現:試點(dian)(dian)(dian)項目進(jin)展總(zong)體(ti)緩(huan)慢,一(yi)些地(di)方政府和電(dian)網企(qi)業在改革(ge)關(guan)鍵問題(ti)、關(guan)鍵環(huan)(huan)節(jie)上認(ren)識不(bu)到位,與中央改革(ge)精神存(cun)在偏差(cha),配售電(dian)業務向社會資本放開(kai)的(de)要求未得到有效落實;一(yi)些試點(dian)(dian)(dian)項目在供電(dian)區(qu)域(yu)劃分、接入系統等環(huan)(huan)節(jie)受到電(dian)網企(qi)業阻(zu)撓,遲遲難(nan)以落地(di)。
有(you)深度參與(yu)增量(liang)配電(dian)改革試(shi)點(dian)的業(ye)內人士對記者分析稱,24個增量(liang)配電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)改革試(shi)點(dian)項(xiang)目(mu)取消試(shi)點(dian)資格背后有(you)多方面原因。有(you)不少(shao)省份規(gui)定,要(yao)開展(zhan)試(shi)點(dian),項(xiang)目(mu)業(ye)主(zhu)必須先與(yu)電(dian)網企業(ye)協商簽訂(ding)區(qu)域劃分協議,否則(ze)就(jiu)不出(chu)具(ju)配電(dian)區(qu)域劃分意見,甘肅(su)就(jiu)是其中之(zhi)一。
沒(mei)有區(qu)域劃(hua)分意(yi)見,項目(mu)業主(zhu)(zhu)也就(jiu)無(wu)法申辦電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)業務許可證(供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)類)。搞增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)試(shi)點的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要目(mu)的(de)(de)之一(yi)就(jiu)是(shi)要打(da)破電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業壟斷,但增(zeng)量(liang)(liang)配網(wang)的(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)、施工、并(bing)網(wang)都離不開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企(qi)業。在一(yi)些(xie)項目(mu)中,由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公(gong)司封鎖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)數據、信息(xi),導(dao)致規(gui)劃(hua)編制、區(qu)域劃(hua)分、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)接入等工作都很難進行。“項目(mu)業主(zhu)(zhu)面臨的(de)(de)難度大,自然只能選擇放棄。”
除電網企業阻撓(nao)之外,上述人士稱,也有部分試點項目因經(jing)濟下行壓力選擇延緩投資,造成退出試點。